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Martin Luther 1483-1546
- early life
- Born in saxony
- at 17 attended university of Erfurt
- Nicknamed "the philosopher"
- Nicknamed "the philosopher"
- Joined augustinian Friars of Erfurt
- Vow to saint Anne
- ordained a priest
within 2 years of
joining
- Sent by superiors to study
theology at uni of
witenberg
- Sent by superiors to study
theology at uni of
witenberg
- Vow to saint Anne
- Born in saxony
- Did not believe in indulgences
- believed in "justification by
faith alone!
- Outraged by John Tetzel
- Dominican friar
- Sold indulgences
- Dominican friar
- After meeting John Tetzel pinned 95
theses to door of castle church
wittenberg
- Theses = complaints
- Theses went viral, 1000's
printed and sent throughout
Germany
- German reformation begins
- German reformation begins
- A
- Theses = complaints
- believed in "justification by
faith alone!
- Church Reaction
to theses
- Pope Leo X sent a legate to
make Luther recant
- Luther refuses
to recant
- Leo X
sends
Papal Bull
(letter)
- Threatens to
excommunicate
Luther if he does
not recant
- Papal bull called
"Exsurge
Domine"
- Luther burns papal
bull publicly
(December 1520)
- Luther
excommunicated
- Luther
excommunicated
- Threatens to
excommunicate
Luther if he does
not recant
- Leo X
sends
Papal Bull
(letter)
- Luther refuses
to recant
- Pope Leo X sent a legate to
make Luther recant
- Diet of Worms (1521)
- Post Luthers
excommunication he is
summoned by king
Charles V to conference
- Held in town of Worms
- Following diet of
worms comes edict
of worms declaring
luher an outlaw
- luther leaves worms
safely but kidnapped
by one of his own
supporters " Prince
frederick elector of
Saxony"
- Frederick shelters
luther at his castle
in Wartburg for
almost a year
- in wartburg, luther translates
bible from latin to german
- in wartburg, luther translates
bible from latin to german
- Frederick shelters
luther at his castle
in Wartburg for
almost a year
- luther leaves worms
safely but kidnapped
by one of his own
supporters " Prince
frederick elector of
Saxony"
- Post Luthers
excommunication he is
summoned by king
Charles V to conference
- Lutheranism
- 2 main lutheran beliefs
- 1) justification by faith
alone
- 2) rely on the bible alone
for guidance
- 1) justification by faith
alone
- Lutheran ministers could marry
- Luther married a former nun
called "Catherine Von
Bora" (1525)
- Luther married a former nun
called "Catherine Von
Bora" (1525)
- only 2 sacraments
- Baptism
- holy communion
- Baptism
- 2 main lutheran beliefs
- Diet of Augsburg
- Germany divided into
Lutheran or catholic states
- at diet of augsburg charles V tried to make
peace between them but failed
- by 1540
lutheranism
was main
religion in
germany
- at diet of augsburg charles V tried to make
peace between them but failed
- Germany divided into
Lutheran or catholic states
- wars of religion
- after luthers death
germany was in a
civil war of religion
between catholic
and lutheran states
- peace restored in
1555 at peace of
ausburg
- BUT! this peace was not all
throughout nothern
europe
- between 1618 and 1648
the 30 years war
between catholics and
lutherans occured in
north europe
- started with
"defenetration of
Prague
- started with
"defenetration of
Prague
- between 1618 and 1648
the 30 years war
between catholics and
lutherans occured in
north europe
- BUT! this peace was not all
throughout nothern
europe
- peace restored in
1555 at peace of
ausburg
- after luthers death
germany was in a
civil war of religion
between catholic
and lutheran states
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