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3932790
ENZYMES
Descrição
A mind map showing what enzymes are
Sem etiquetas
enzymes
biology
gcse
highers
Mapa Mental por
Marcus Wells
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Marcus Wells
aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
17
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Resumo de Recurso
ENZYMES
What are they?
Catalysts produced by living things
A catalyst is a substance which increases the rate of reaction, without being used up
Act as a biological catalyst
Made of proteins
Made of amino acids
Active site
Each enzyme has a unique shape
Fits onto the substance involved in a reaction
Only usually catalyse one reaction
Substance must fit active site
If not, the reaction won't be catalysed
Diagram of an enzyme
Temperature
Too hot
Bonds holding the enzyme together will break.
Denatured
Too high or low
Interferes with bonds holding the enzyme together
Too Cold
Dormant
Work best at 37 degrees c
pH
Too high or low
Pepsin best at pH 2
Acidic
Digestion
Types
Amylase
Starch into sugars
Made in
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestine
Protease
Proteins into amino acids
Made in
Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine
Lipase
Lipids into glycerol
Made in
Pancreas
Small intestine
Break down molecules into smaller ones.
Big molecules
Can't pass through walls of digestive system
Starch, proteins and fats
Small molecules
Sugar, glycerol, amino acids and fatty acids
Can fit through walls of digestive system
Bile
Produced in the liver
Stored in the gall bladder
Released into the small intetine
Neutralises stomach acids
Alkaline
Enzymes work best at alkaline
Alkaline
Emulsifies fats
Bigger surface area for enzyme lipase to work on
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