nutrition

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• Long term energy store, protective padding for vital organs & insulation  found in butter and vegetable oil   

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• Growth and repair of tissues & many other roles such as enzymes   found in meat and fish     

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• Makes pigment to allow you to see in the dark eating an excess will not improve sight found in carrots         deficiency in vitamin A creates a loss of the ability to see in the dark this disease is called night blindness

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• Sticks cells that line surfaces e.g. gums together found in citrus fruits deficiency in Vitamin C means the cells that line surfaces of your body (such as the gums) won't stick together as well causing diseases like scurvy   

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• Allows body to absorb calcium Made by the skin in sunlight deficiency in vitamin D means your bones will soften due to lack of calcium this disease is called rickets 

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• A necessary part of the chemical in blood called Haemoglobin which allows the blood to carry oxygen  found in red meat and spinach     

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• strengthens bones found in milk

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• Major component in blood and cells   

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• Energy store & source for respiration, found in Bread, pasta, potatoes, and any sugars(they have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in them)

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• mussels in intestines,push against fibre to push food through found in Fruit and vegetables   

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• burn a piece of food under a test tube with 10cm cubed of water in it recording the temp before and after it has burnt with a thermometer and therefore work out the temp change. to work out the energy in the food multiply the temp change by the weight of water (1 g/ 1 cm cubed) then multiply by 4.2 ( the joules of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 g of water by 1 degree c) therefore in this case if the temp change is 10 degrees c the the energy is 10 x 10 x 4.2= 420 joules. to work out joules/ gram of food (used to compare energy in more than one food) simply divide by the weight of the food

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• joules-what you should use calories-what packages use normally

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• what influences how much energy you need? age size  gender job pregnant or not breast feeding where you live (hot cold high low)