Fatima's Soft Bones

Descrição

year1 Medicine Mapa Mental sobre Fatima's Soft Bones, criado por murtadha alshaye em 19-03-2017.
murtadha alshaye
Mapa Mental por murtadha alshaye, atualizado more than 1 year ago
murtadha alshaye
Criado por murtadha alshaye mais de 7 anos atrás
47
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Resumo de Recurso

Fatima's Soft Bones
  1. Anatomy
    1. Bones
      1. Ligaments
        1. Muscles
          1. Nerves
            1. Blood Supply
              1. Joint
              2. Bone Pain
                1. Causes
                  1. Bone tumor
                    1. Bone infection
                      1. Leukemia
                        1. Hypercalcemia
                          1. Rickets
                            1. osteomalacia
                              1. Paget disease
                            2. Osteoporosis
                              1. Definition
                                1. A term denoting increased porosity of the skeleton and increased bone fragility due to reduction in bone mass
                                2. Types
                                  1. Localized osteoporosis
                                    1. e.g. disuse osteoporosis in a limb
                                    2. Generalized osteoporosis
                                      1. Primary
                                        1. Senile
                                          1. Postmenopausal
                                          2. secondary
                                        2. Pathogenesis
                                          1. Decrease in total bone mass and density.
                                          2. Clinical Features
                                            1. asymptomatic
                                              1. Bone pain
                                                1. Loss in height
                                                  1. Instability of vertebral column
                                                  2. Investigations
                                                    1. Complete Blood Count
                                                      1. Serum Electrolyte Test
                                                        1. Blood Sugar Test
                                                          1. Thyroid Hormone Test
                                                            1. Screening Test
                                                              1. BMD
                                                                1. FRAX
                                                                  1. Ultrasound
                                                                  2. Radiology
                                                                    1. Bone X-ray
                                                                      1. CT-Scan of the spine
                                                                        1. MRI of the spine
                                                                      2. Risk Factors
                                                                        1. Alcohol use
                                                                          1. Corticosteroid use
                                                                            1. Family history
                                                                              1. Calcium and vitamin D levels
                                                                                1. Lifestyle factors
                                                                                2. Management
                                                                                  1. Pharmacological
                                                                                    1. Bisphosphonates
                                                                                      1. Selective estrogen receptor modulators
                                                                                        1. Calcitonin
                                                                                          1. Denosumab
                                                                                            1. Teriparatide
                                                                                            2. Hormone Replacement Therapy
                                                                                              1. Nutrition therapy
                                                                                                1. Physiotherapy
                                                                                              2. Fractures
                                                                                                1. Types
                                                                                                  1. Non-vertebral Fractures
                                                                                                    1. Hip Fracture
                                                                                                      1. Definition
                                                                                                        1. It is a common injury in older women with underlying 'thinning' of the bones
                                                                                                        2. Types
                                                                                                          1. Intracapsular
                                                                                                            1. Extracapsula
                                                                                                            2. Clinical Findings
                                                                                                              1. Severe pain
                                                                                                                1. Immobility
                                                                                                                  1. External rotation
                                                                                                                    1. Shorter leg
                                                                                                                      1. Stiffness
                                                                                                                        1. bruising and swelling
                                                                                                                        2. Complications
                                                                                                                          1. Deep vein thrombosis
                                                                                                                            1. Post-operative infection
                                                                                                                              1. Fracture non-union
                                                                                                                                1. Blood loss
                                                                                                                                2. Physical Examination
                                                                                                                                  1. Inspection
                                                                                                                                    1. Palpation
                                                                                                                                      1. Movements
                                                                                                                                        1. Special tests
                                                                                                                                          1. Thomas’ test
                                                                                                                                            1. Trendelenburg test
                                                                                                                                      2. Vertebral Fractures

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