PHSI3011 06-1 Neural Control of Breathing

What’s the major factor that drives breathing?

Label the blanks:

The rate and depth of respiration are regulated by: 1 – Inputs to the respiratory centre signalling the Pco2, pH, AND Po2 of the [blank_start]__________[blank_end] blood; 2 – Afferent (sensory) inputs from receptors in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; 3 – Inputs arising from higher centres of the brain, such as the motor cortex.

What's this bit? (responsible for responding to CO2)

DRG = ??

VRG = ??

DRG neurons consist [blank_start]__________[blank_end], whereas VRG neurons consist of [blank_start]__________[blank_end].

Neurons in the pontine “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] centre” [blank_start]__________[blank_end] inspiratory neurons, thus LIMITING inspiration.

Neurons in the pontine “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] centre” [blank_start]__________[blank_end] inspiratory neurons, thus PROMOTING inspiration.

[blank_start]__________[blank_end] is usually a passive process.

Mutations for the Phox2b transcription factor result in Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) which causes an almost complete loss of respiratory response to what?

True or false: Phox2b is expressed in the cerebellum.

True or false: Phox2b is not expressed in neurons above the pons.

RTN = ??

Which of the following is known as the “Hering-Breuer reflex”?

Central vs Peripheral chemoreceptors. The Central chemoreceptors reside in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end], whereas the Peripheral chemoreceptors reside in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end].

Central vs Peripheral chemoreceptors. The Central chemoreceptors detect [blank_start]__________[blank_end], whereas the Peripheral chemoreceptors detect [blank_start]__________[blank_end].

Upon submersion (or irritation stimulus), the nasopharyngeal reflex (aka “diving reflex”) triggers a(n) [blank_start]__________[blank_end] of Sympathetic vasomotor activity, which results in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] TPR. It also triggers a(n) [blank_start]__________[blank_end] in Cardiac vagal activity, which results in a decreased HR and decreased CO. The net effect of this is [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Oxygen conservation.

Diving results in: