1215116
Questão 1
Questão
Different forms of the same gene - they can be dominant or recessive
Responda
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allele
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trait
Questão 2
Questão
a fertilized ovum/egg that contains the full set of chromosomes
Responda
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zygote
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gamete
Questão 3
Questão
allele which is always expressed even if only one is present- written with an upper-case letter e.g. "A"
Responda
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dominant
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recessive
Questão 4
Questão
threadlike structure of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of cells- carries genetic information in the form of genes
Responda
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nucleotide
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chromosome
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cell
Questão 5
Questão
cell part that contains chromosomes
Responda
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nucleus
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gene
Questão 6
Questão
meiosis
Responda
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cell division in testies and ovaries producing four new cells (gametes) - genetically different to each other, and to the parent cell
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cell division body cells for growth and repair - produces 2 new cells genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell
Questão 7
Questão
exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes
Responda
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crossing over
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independent assortment
Questão 8
Questão
cross between unknown genotype organism and a homozygous recessive to work out the genotype of the offspring
Responda
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punnet square
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test cross
Questão 9
Questão
short length of DNA that carries the genetic code for a particular trait/characteristic or cell activity
Responda
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DNA
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chromosome
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cell
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gene
Questão 10
Questão
having the same structural features (length) and pattern of genes
Responda
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homozygous chromosomes
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variation
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homologous chromosomes
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mutation
Questão 11
Questão
a genetically determined characteristic
Responda
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trait
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allele
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gene
Questão 12
Questão
cell division body cells for growth and repair - produces 2 new cells genetically identical to each other and the parent cell
Responda
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mitosis
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meiosis
Questão 13
Questão
process responsible for forming new alleles
Responda
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mutation
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variation
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independent assortment
Questão 14
Questão
chromosomes X and Y that determine the sex of an individual
Responda
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sex chromosomes
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homologous chromosomes
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gamete
Questão 15
Questão
individuals that are homozygous - will always produce the same offspring when crossed together
Responda
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pure breeding
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sexual reproduction
Questão 16
Questão
pest infestation, disease, drought or flood could be examples of a... Changing environment
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 17
Questão
having a full set of chromosomes (2n); having a pair of each type of chromosome
Responda
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diploid
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haploid
Questão 18
Questão
organisim produced asexually from one parent - offspring identical to both its parent and siblings
Responda
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clone
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homozygous
Questão 19
Questão
substance carrying organism's genetic information
Responda
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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chromosome
Questão 20
Questão
difference between organisms within a population - can be continuous or discontinuous
Responda
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variation
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mutation
Questão 21
Questão
the observable characteristics of an individual resulting from its genotype
Responda
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phenotype
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genotype
Questão 22
Questão
forms the basic stuctural unit of DNA, composed of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group and a base
Responda
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nucleotide
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amino acids
Questão 23
Questão
basic building blocks of proteins
Responda
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amino acids
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DNA
Questão 24
Questão
the particular alleles of an organisim
Responda
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genotype
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phenotype
Questão 25
Questão
an individual with two alleles that are different for a particular trait
Responda
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heterozygous
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homozygous
Questão 26
Questão
an individual with two alleles that are the same for a particular trait
Responda
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homozygous
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heterozygous
Questão 27
Questão
individual that carries a gene for a particular trait, does not express the trait, but can pass that trait on
Responda
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carrier
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recessive
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clone
Questão 28
Questão
sexual reproduction involves two parents - offspring are different to the parent and to each other
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 29
Questão
the joining of the male and female gamete is called fertilization
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 30
Questão
recessive
Responda
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allele which is only expressed when two of them are present - written in a lower-case letter E.g. 'a'
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allele which is always expressed even if only one is present - written with an upper-case letter E.g. 'A'
Questão 31
Questão
name for the offspring of the cross BB x bb and their offspring and their offspring...
Responda
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F1 generation
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F2 generation
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F3generation
Questão 32
Questão
What are the parts of DNA involved in pairing
Responda
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cytosine
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guanine
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adenine
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thymine
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nucleotide
Questão 33
Questão
gamete
Responda
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reproductive cells that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell
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body cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
Questão 34
Questão
important to population and species survival in a changing environment
Responda
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variation
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clones
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independent assortment
Questão 35
Questão
a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
Responda
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punnet square
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test cross
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pedigree chart
Questão 36
Questão
carries instructions to the next generation and determines phenotype
Responda
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DNA
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chromosomes
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genes
Questão 37
Questão
a permanent change in the base sequence of DNA
Responda
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mutation
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variation
Questão 38
Questão
asexual reproduction
Responda
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reproduction involving only one parent (usually female) - offspring genetically identical to the parent and each other
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reproduction involving two parents - offspring different to the parents
Questão 39
Questão
each homologous pair of chromosomes lines up at equator - maternal or parental - independently of other homologous pairs
Responda
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independent assortment
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crossing over
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