14597462
Descrição
Quiz por Mitch Thornell, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Mitch Thornell
quase 6 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
1. A 65-year-old female with emphysema presents to the ED for difficulty breathing. Physical exam reveals bluish skin and mucous membranes. This condition is referred to as:
Responda
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haemoptysis
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Hypothermia
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haematemesis
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cyanosis
Questão 2
Questão
1. A 30-year-old male is experiencing respiratory failure. Which of the following lab values would be expected?
Responda
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low PaCO2
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Normal blood pH
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low PaO2
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electrolyte imbalances
Questão 3
Questão
A 10-year-old female develops pneumonia following a urinary tract infection. Physical exam reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions. She reports that breathing is difficult and she feels she cannot get enough air. This condition is referred to as:
Responda
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dyspnoea.
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cyanosis
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orthopnoea
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hyperpnoea
Questão 4
Questão
Reduced oxygenation of arterial blood is called:
Responda
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hypoxia
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hypocapnia.
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hypoxaemia
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ischaemia
Questão 5
Questão
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea generally occurs with:
Responda
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pulmonary fibrosis.
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asthma
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left ventricular failure.
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hypertension.
Questão 6
Questão
1. What disease of the lungs is a contagious, airborne bacterial infection that causes fibrotic, calcified lesions that are visible on an X-ray?
Responda
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tuberculosis
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diphtheria
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lobar pneumonia
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legionellosis
Questão 7
Questão
1. Pneumonia is caused by:
Responda
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use of anaesthetic agents in surgery
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atelectasis
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chronic lung changes seen with ageing
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viral or bacterial infections
Questão 8
Questão
1. A 50-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking was diagnosed with lung cancer. He was previously exposed to air pollution, asbestos and radiation at his job. Which of the following most likely had the greatest impact on development of his cancer?
Responda
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cigarette smoke
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radiation
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asbestos
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air pollution
Questão 9
Questão
1. This condition involves inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchi; is also known as laryngotracheobronchitis; involves copious mucus secretion; has a distinctive barking cough; and is potentially dangerous in infants.
Responda
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croup
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laryngeal pneumonia
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rhinitis
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pertussis
Questão 10
Questão
1. This condition is an inflammatory response with extensive mucus production and submucosal oedema, resulting in widespread obstruction of bronchioles. It is of particular concern when present in infants.
Responda
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histoplasmosis
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pneumonia
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tonsillitis
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bronchiolitis
Questão 11
Questão
What would be the most effective compensation for chronic respiratory acidosis?
Responda
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The kidneys producing more bicarbonate ions
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The kidneys eliminating more bicarbonate ions
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The kidneys producing more lactic acid
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The kidneys reabsorbing more hydrogen ions
Questão 12
Questão
What would hypercapnia cause?
Responda
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Respiratory acidosis
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Decreased carbonic acid in the blood
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Increased blood pH
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Decreased respirations
Questão 13
Questão
Changes in PCO2 tend to affect the pH of blood.
Responda
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True, and increases in PCO2 tend to decrease blood pH
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False, blood pH is largely unaffected by PCO2.
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True, and decreases in PCO2 tend to decrease pH.
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True, and increases in PCO2 tend to increase pH.
Questão 14
Questão
50-year-old male with diabetes did not take his medication and is now in metabolic acidosis. He is experiencing Kussmaul respirations that can be characterised by:
Responda
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an increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes and no expiratory pause
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rapid respirations with periods of apnoea.
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audible wheezing or stridor.
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very slow inhalations and rapid expirations
Questão 15
Questão
A pneumonia that occurs 48 hours or more after admission to the hospital is considered
Responda
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hospital-acquired pneumonia.
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community-acquired pneumonia.
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Health care–associated
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viral pneumonia
Questão 16
Questão
What are typical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?
Responda
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Sudden fever, sore throat, and drooling saliva
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Hoarse voice and barking cough
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Sneezing, mild cough, and fever
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Hyperinflation of the chest and stridor
Questão 17
Questão
Which type of lung cancer is most commonly associated with a history of smoking?
Responda
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small cell carcinoma
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squamous cell carcinoma
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adenocarcinoma
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mesothelioma
Questão 18
Questão
Which of the following describes lobar pneumonia?
Responda
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Sudden onset of fever and chills, with rales and rusty sputum
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Viral infection causing nonproductive cough and pleuritic pain
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Opportunistic bacteria causing low-grade fever with cough and thick greenish sputum
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Insidious onset, diffuse interstitial infection
Questão 19
Questão
Obstruction in the upper airway is usually indicated by:
Responda
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stridor
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rales
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orthopnoea
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wheezing
Questão 20
Questão
Changes in PCO2 tend to affect the pH of blood.
Responda
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True, and decreases in PCO2 tend to decrease pH.
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True, and increases in PCO2 tend to decrease blood pH.
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True, and increases in PCO2 tend to increase pH.
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False, blood pH is largely unaffected by PCO2.
Questão 21
Questão
Anxiety-provoked hyperventilation will:
Responda
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will not affect PCO2 but will increase PO2 significantly
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increase PCO2 quite markedly, and increase PO2 to a similar extent
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decrease PCO2 quite markedly, and increase PO2 to small extent
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increase PO2 significantly, and increase PCO2 slightly
Questão 22
Questão
A 20-year-old male is in acute pain. An arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon dioxide levels. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Responda
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pain neurons producing bicarbonate buffer
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hypoventilation
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hyperventilation
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apnoea
Questão 23
Questão
A 50-year-old male with diabetes did not take his medication and is now in metabolic acidosis. He is experiencing Kussmaul respirations that can be characterised by:
Responda
-
audible wheezing or stridor.
-
rapid respirations with periods of apnoea.
-
an increased ventilatory rate, large tidal volumes and no expiratory pause
-
very slow inhalations and rapid expirations
Questão 24
Questão
What disease of the lungs is a contagious, airborne bacterial infection that causes fibrotic, calcified lesions that are visible on an X-ray?
Responda
-
mesothelioma
-
diphtheria
-
lobar pneumonia
-
tuberculosis
Questão 25
Questão
The production of yellowish-green, cloudy, thick sputum is often an indication of:
Responda
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Damage of lung tissue due to smoking
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emphysema
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cancer tumour
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Bacteria infection
Questão 26
Questão
What would hypercapnia cause;
Responda
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Respiratory acidosis
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decreased carbonic acid in the blood
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increased blood pH
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Decreased respirations
Questão 27
Questão
What are early signs and symptoms of infectious rhinitis?
Responda
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Serous nasal discharge, congestion and sneezing
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Harsh barking cough and wheezing
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Purulent nasal discharge and periorbital pain
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copious purulent sputum, particularly in the morning
Questão 28
Questão
Which patient is most likely to have abnormalities in breathing regulation?
Responda
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a 34-year-old male with damage to his upper and lower pons following a blow to the back of the head
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a 66-year-old male with temporal lobe infarcts secondary to a stroke
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a 45-year-old female with spinal cord injury at c7 following a motor vehicle accident
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a 23-year-old male who has an injury to his frontal lobe following a sports injury
Questão 29
Questão
How does severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia
Responda
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Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion
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too painful to breath
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Inflammatory exudate absorbs oxygen from the alveolar air
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Acidosis depresses respiration
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