Neuroanatomy Lecture IV: Cranial Nerves

Which cranial nerve is the only sensory nerve not to synapse in the Thalamus prior to reaching the cortex?

Pupilary constriction is a [blank_start]parasympathetic[blank_end] action mediated by the [blank_start]inferior[blank_end] division of the [blank_start]oculomotor[blank_end] nerve

Whilst all other cranial nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system, the [blank_start]optic[blank_end] nerve is actually a central nervous system structure, due its myelin being produced by [blank_start]oligodendrocytes[blank_end] as opposed to the [blank_start]schwann cells[blank_end] that produce myelin in the PNS.

Which cranial nerve arises from the cervical spinal cord? The [blank_start]Spinal Accessory[blank_end] Nerve

The Trigeminal Nerve (CNV) has three sensory nuclei. Match the definitions to the relevant nucleus. The Mesencephalic Nucleus [blank_start]Proprioception from chewing muscles[blank_end] The Pontine Trigeminal Nucleus [blank_start]Touch & vibration sensation[blank_end] The Spinal Trigeminal nucleus [blank_start]Pain & temperature sensation[blank_end]

The axons of the [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] corticospinal tract cross over at the decussation of the pyramids in the medulla, whereas the [blank_start]ventral[blank_end] corticospinal tract axons cross over at their relevant spinal levels.

Insult to which of the white matter columns of the spinal cord would result in loss of sensory aspects such as fine touch and proprioception?

Which of the following Vagus nerve nuclei allows Speech to occur?

The [blank_start]Solitary[blank_end] Nucleus is responsible for the taste sensation via CNs VII, IX & X

The Pyramidal motor tracts comprise two systems, the cortiospinal tract and the [blank_start]corticobulbar[blank_end] tract, the latter of which providing motor function to the cranial nerves.

Which part of the Diencephalon has endocrine function?

The [blank_start]Reticular Formation[blank_end] is a network of nervous tissue at the centre of the brainstem that regulates the Ascending Reticular Activating System, a system that if damaged would lead to irreversible coma.

The Superior Colliculus houses the [blank_start]Oculomotor[blank_end] nucleus and is thus mostly associated with the visual pathway

Despite the superior colliculus being responsible for the visual pathway, which of the following cranial nerve nuclei associated with sight is situated within the inferior colliculus? The [blank_start]Trochlear[blank_end] Nucleus

Both the superior and inferior colliculi exist within the [blank_start]Midbrain[blank_end]

Which muscle of the soft palate is innervated by CNV3? The [blank_start]Tensor Veli Palatini[blank_end] muscle

The Trigeminal Nuclei: [blank_start]Pontine Trigeminal Nucleus[blank_end]: Main Trigeminal nucleus, responsible for touch, vibration, etc [blank_start]Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus[blank_end]: Responsible for proprioception associated with muscles of mastication

Name the ganglion at which CNIX becomes the auriculotemporal branch of CNV3 in order to innervated the Parotid Gland. The [blank_start]Otic[blank_end] Ganglion

The Nucleus [blank_start]Ambiguus[blank_end] gives rise to the motor fibres to the pharynx, larynx and upper oesophagus via cranial nerves IX and X.

The GlossopharYngeal nerve (CNIX) provides motor innervation to one muscle, name it. The [blank_start]Stylopharyngeus[blank_end] muscle

The [blank_start]Solitary[blank_end] Nucleus is responsible for taste sensation via Cranial Nerves VII, IX and X

The [blank_start]Corticobulbar[blank_end] tract is the part of the pyramidal system which gives rise to the motor aspects of the non-oculomotor cranial nerves.

The [blank_start]Fornix[blank_end] is a part of the limbic system which acts as the major efferent output system of the Hippocampus.