Questão 1
Questão
Chronic bronchitis can be characterized by the following
Responda
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hypertrophy of the smooth muscle layer of the bronchi
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squamous cell metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium
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can cause cor pulmonale chronicum
-
all of the above
Questão 2
Questão
Which type of emphysema most frequently causes pneumothorax?
Responda
-
paraseptal
-
senile
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bullous
-
centrolobular
Questão 3
Questão
In diffuse pulmonary emphysema we can notice the following changes
Responda
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the lungs are with increased density
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the lungs are enlarged
-
we observe atrophy of the interalveolar septi
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there is hypertrophy of the interalveolar septi
Questão 4
Questão
What is the order in which we observe the different histological stages in pneumonia crouposa?
Responda
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congestion, grey hepatisation, red hepatisation, resolution
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grey hepatisation, congestion, red hepatisation, resolution
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congestion, red hepatisation, grey hepatisation, resolution
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congestion, red hepatisation, grey hepatisation, lung abscess
Questão 5
Questão
Which complications can we observe in lobar pneumonia?
Responda
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carnification
-
fibrinous pleuritis
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lung abscess
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none of the above
Questão 6
Questão
In which stage of pneumonia crouposa (lobar pneumonia) can we hear crepitations?
Responda
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grey hepatisation
-
congestion
-
resolution
-
red hepatisation
Questão 7
Questão
Pleural friction in pneumonia crouposa (lobar pneumonia) can be detected in
Questão 8
Questão
Characteristic features of hypostatic pneumonia
Responda
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it is observed in the apical lobes of the lungs
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it is unilateral
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it is observed in the lower posterior segments of both lungs
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there is impaired ventilation in the segments where it occurs
Questão 9
Questão
In hypostatic pneumonia
Responda
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there is activation of saprophytic flora
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it is caused by pneumococci
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it is caused by Pneumocystis carini
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there is hypoventilation in the lower posterior segments
Questão 10
Questão
In bronchopneumonia we can observe
Responda
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scattered grey-yellow foci in the lung parenchyma
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confluent grey-yellow foci
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central collection of pus in these foci
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rusty sputum
Questão 11
Questão
Bronchopneumonia is characterized by
Responda
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high fever, weakness, cough
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can be complicated by septicopyemia
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can be descending from purulent bronchitis
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mycetoma
Questão 12
Questão
Fungal pneumonia can be caused by
Responda
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old age
-
long-term antibiotic treatment
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in autoimmune diseases, where patients are treated with corticosteroids
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immune deficit
Questão 13
Questão
In fungal pneumonia we can observe
Questão 14
Questão
In interstitial pneumonia
Responda
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there is involvement of only one lobe
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the inflammatory infiltrate is rich in lymphocytes
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plasma cells are seen in the inflammatory infiltrate
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the interalveolar septi are thickened
Questão 15
Questão
In pneumonia crouposa (lobar pneumonia) we can observe the following histological changes
Responda
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focal purulent inflammation
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fibrino-purulent exudate in the alveoli
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artificial detachment of the fibrin fibrils from the alveolar walls
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spared alveoli filled with air
Questão 16
Questão
What are the characteristic microscopic features of chronic pyelonephritis?
Responda
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pericapsular glomerulosclerosis
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mesangial hyperplasia
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lymphoid infiltrates in the interstitium
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"thyroidization " of the tubules
Questão 17
Questão
What is the most common outcome of tubal pregnancy?
Responda
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rupture of the fallopian tube
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secondary peritoneal pregnancy
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pregnancy with normal birth
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fetal transition into lithopedion
Questão 18
Questão
Which of the following diseases affect the white substance of the brain?
Questão 19
Questão
Where are the first and major vascular changes in hypertension?
Responda
-
aorta
-
vessels of muscle type
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arterioles
-
veins
Questão 20
Questão
Specify which stages are not found in lobar pneumonia
Responda
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proliferative
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gray hepatization
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red hepatization
-
resolution
Questão 21
Questão
The most common case of acute post hemorrhagic anemia are:
Responda
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acute hemolysis
-
traumatic
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intoxication
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all three above
Questão 22
Questão
Which are tumor-like processes in the mouth
Responda
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polyp
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fibroma
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hemangioma
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epulis
Questão 23
Questão
In myeloma often develops
Responda
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hyper-para-proteinemia
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amyloidosis
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renal failure
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chronic pyelonephritis
Questão 24
Questão
In periarteritis nodosa occur
Questão 25
Questão
Tubulorexis is seen in
Questão 26
Questão
Which of the above pathological processes, refers to the proliferative state of rheumatism?
Questão 27
Questão
Basal leptomeningitis is found in
Responda
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sepsis
-
tuberculosis
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influenza
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neurosyphilis
Questão 28
Questão
What diseases comprise COPD
Questão 29
Questão
Which of the ovarian tumors is related to transitional epithelium
Responda
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Brenner tumor
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Adrenoblastoma
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Mucinous cystadenoma
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Serous cystadenoma
Questão 30
Questão
Typical changes in the heart in hypertension are
Responda
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hypertrophy of the left ventricle
-
hypertrophy of the right ventricle
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mitral stenosis
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brown atrophy of the liver
Questão 31
Questão
In classical nephritic syndrome is found
Questão 32
Questão
Which are the morphological subtypes of ameloblastoma
Responda
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cystic
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laminar
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soft
-
solid
Questão 33
Questão
What complications can occur at the site of chronic heart aneurysm?
Questão 34
Questão
Indicate where the viruses of hepatitis A and B replicate after enteral or parenteral penetration
Questão 35
Questão
Serous meningitis can be caused by
Questão 36
Questão
"Big white kidneys " are seen in
Questão 37
Questão
Lobar pneumonia is
Responda
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lobular
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fibrinous
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catarrhal
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pleuropneumonia
Questão 38
Questão
What are the complications of atherosclerosis of the femoral artery
Responda
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thrombophlebitis
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atrophy of the limb
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gangrene
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thrombosis
Questão 39
Questão
The pathogenesis of hydrocephalus is due to
Questão 40
Questão
Indicate which diseases are intraepithelial neoplasms
Responda
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pre-cancers
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tumor-like processes
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invasive tumors
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inflammatory diseases
Questão 41
Questão
When is mostly seen the acute aneurysm of the heart?
Questão 42
Questão
Early carcinoma of the stomach means
Responda
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carcinoma infiltrating submucosa
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carcinoma in situ
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carcinoma infiltrating muscular layer
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carcinoma infiltrating the serosa
Questão 43
Questão
What is abortion?
Questão 44
Questão
Which of the following morphologic methods are used for classifying the lymphomas
Responda
-
Staining with van Gieson
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PAS reaction
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Staining with von Kossa
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Immunohistochemistry
Questão 45
Questão
Which of these tumors frequently metastasize to bone
Responda
-
liposarcoma
-
osteosarcoma
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prostate cancer
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breast cancer
Questão 46
Questão
Which of the following thyroid cancer is associated with amyloidosis
Responda
-
Follicular carcinoma
-
Medullary carcinoma
Questão 47
Questão
Which type of lung carcinoma has the worst prognosis
Responda
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Squamous cell carcinoma
-
Small cell carcinoma
Questão 48
Questão
Which of the following is true for medullary carcinoma of the breast
Questão 49
Questão
Which of the following type of lipids has the highest association with atherosclerosis
Responda
-
Triglycerides
-
Low-density lipoproteins
Questão 50
Questão
Calcifying sclerosis of aorta and big arteries is type of
Responda
-
Dystrophic calcification
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Metastaic calcification
Questão 51
Questão
The most frequent form of primary glomerular disease in children is
Responda
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Minimal change disease
-
Acute glomerulonephritis
Questão 52
Questão
Hyperfunction of anterior pituitary in pre-pubertal children generally can result in:
Questão 53
Questão
The role of external radiation in the etiology of thyroid cancer is predominant in:
Responda
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Papillary carcinoma
-
Follicular carcinoma
Questão 54
Questão
The following type of carcinoma of the breast is characterized by ‘lndian file’ pattern of tumor cells
Questão 55
Questão
Prostatic hyperplasia affects most often
Responda
-
Peripheral prostate
-
Periurethral prostate
Questão 56
Questão
Which criteria refer to pernicious anaemia
Questão 57
Questão
Which of the following tumors have association with occupational exposure to asbestosis
Responda
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Silicosis
-
Malignant mesothelioma
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
-
Laryngeal carcinoma
Questão 58
Questão
Which of the following features characterize ulcerative colitis, except
Responda
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Formation of crypt abscess and cryptitis
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Superficial mucosal ulceration
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Depletion of goblet cells and mucus
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Stricture formation in chronic cases
Questão 59
Questão
Philadelphia chromosome is characterized by
Responda
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translocation (8; 14)
-
translocation (9:22)
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translocation (22:9)
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translocation (14;8)
Questão 60
Questão
Which of the following are included in classic Hodgkin’s disease
Responda
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Histiocytic fibrosis
-
Lymphocytic depletion
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Mixed cellularity
-
Nodular sclerosis
Questão 61
Questão
Pulseless disease is
Responda
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Temporal arteritis
-
Kawasaki’s disease
-
Takayasu arteritis
-
Buerger’s disease
Questão 62
Questão
The morphologic variants of diagnostic cells in Hodgkin’s disease are
Questão 63
Questão
Crohn’s disease is characterized by the following histopathologic features
Questão 64
Questão
According to monoclonal atherosclerotic hypothesis, the primary event in atherosclerosis is
Responda
-
Monoclonal proliferation of endothelial cells
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Monoclonal proliferation of smooth muscle cells
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Monoclonal proliferation of monocytes
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Monoclonal proliferation of foam cells
Questão 65
Questão
Barrett’s oesophagus is
Responda
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Congenital anomaly
-
Inflammatory disease
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Metaplastic process
-
Neoplastic lesion
Questão 66
Questão
The most common site of involvement of atherosclerotic aneurysm is
Questão 67
Questão
The following histologic types of bronchogenic carcinoma have strong association with cigarette smoking except
Responda
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
-
Small cell carcinoma
-
Large cell carcinoma
-
Adenocarcinoma
Questão 68
Questão
The most important and common complicated atheromatous lesion in the coronary artery in route myocardial infarction is
Questão 69
Questão
In hypertensive heart disease left ventricular hypertrophy is correlated with
Questão 70
Questão
The most common causative organism for lobar pneumonia is
Responda
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Staphylococci
-
Streptococci
-
Pneumococci
-
Haemophilus
Questão 71
Questão
The common complications of gastric ulcer are
Responda
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penetration
-
pneumonia
-
hemorrhage
-
perforation
Questão 72
Questão
Which of the following types of acute viral hepatitis become chronic hepatitis
Questão 73
Questão
What complication can occur due to atherosclerosis of femoral artery?
Questão 74
Questão
Nephrotic syndrome develops in
Responda
-
urine retention
-
acute renal failure
-
acute pyelonephritis
-
glomerulonephritis
Questão 75
Questão
The infection which leads to pyelonephritis may be a result of
Questão 76
Questão
Which of the following diseases does not lead to nephrosclerosis
Responda
-
atherosclerosis
-
diabetes mellitus
-
diabetes insipidus
-
gout
Questão 77
Questão
Squamous cell carcinoma is a common tumor in the
Responda
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Uterine body
-
Ovaries
-
Fallopian tubes
-
Uterine cervix
Questão 78
Questão
Which of the morphological methods are used for subtyping lymphomas?
Responda
-
Van Gieson staining
-
PAS
-
Von Kossa staining
-
Immunohistochemistry
Questão 79
Questão
Which of the following complications can develop in pulmonary carcinoma
Questão 80
Questão
Determine the pathological process in the lung parenchyma, having in mind the microscopic appearance - a focus of necrosis, detritus, leukocytes and macrophages
Questão 81
Questão
Point out the characteristic macroscopic changes of chronic obstructive emphysema
Responda
-
decreased in size lungs, collapsed to the hilum
-
lungs with increased volume
-
thick consistency of the lungs
-
reduced elasticity and soft consistency
Questão 82
Questão
What disease is endometriosis?
Questão 83
Questão
Gynecomastia is a disease of
Responda
-
breast in women
-
ovaries
-
male breast
-
testes
Questão 84
Questão
What is typical for the first stage of syphilis?
Questão 85
Questão
For tuberculous meningitis the following histological changes are typical
Questão 86
Questão
Why are occupational diseases named pneumoconiosis?
Questão 87
Questão
Which of the following factors play a role in the development of bronchial carcinoma?
Questão 88
Questão
What is the exudate in the pleural cavity and pericardial sac due to lymphatic spread of pulmonary carcinoma into them?
Responda
-
fibrinous
-
serous
-
hemorrhagic
-
purulent
Questão 89
Questão
What forms of silicosis do you know?
Responda
-
nodular
-
diffuse-sclerotic
-
senile
-
combination of a) and b)
Questão 90
Questão
Apically located peripheral pulmonary carcinoma is represented by the eponym
Questão 91
Questão
Which diseases complicate siliscosis?
Responda
-
cor hypertonicum
-
cor pulmonale chronicum
-
tuberculosis
-
pneumofibrosis
Questão 92
Questão
Claude-Bernard-Horner syndrome includes the following:
Responda
-
ptosis, midriasis, anhydrosis
-
ptosis, miosis, increased sweating
-
ptosis. miosis, pseudoenophthalmus
-
anhydrosis
Questão 93
Questão
What possible gross changes we see in lung carcinoma?
Questão 94
Questão
Chronic bronchitis is usually accompanied by
Responda
-
squamous cell metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium
-
phases of purulent inflammation
-
productive cough for at least 2 months/year for 3 consecutive years
-
productive cough for at least 3 months/year for 2 consecutive years
Questão 95
Questão
Squamous cell lung carcinoma occurs
Responda
-
in the middle lobe of the left lung
-
after squamous cell metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium of bronchi
-
as an ill-defined node connected to a bronchus
-
forming nests of tumor cells producing keratin
Questão 96
Questão
In small cell lung carcinoma we can observe
Responda
-
numerous tumor cells with scant stroma
-
the tumor cells resemble oat-grains
-
it grows in a pneumonia-like fashion
-
the tumor cells have very high proliferative rate
Questão 97
Questão
Bronchiolo-alveolar pulmonary carcinoma is characterized by:
Responda
-
forms papillary folds into the alveolar lumen
-
it is a form of squamous cell carcinoma
-
the cells produce keratin
-
it is a form of adenocarcinoma
Questão 98
Questão
Hodgkin lymphoma has
Questão 99
Questão
In Hodgkin lymphoma we can observe
Responda
-
effaced lymph node structure
-
nodular sclerosis histological form
-
mixed cellularity histological form
-
chronic myeloleukemia
Questão 100
Questão
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be
Responda
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Nodal
-
B-cell and T -cell types
-
Extranodal
-
none of the above