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Structure of Skin

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Quiz sobre Structure of Skin , criado por MPusey em 29-12-2014.
MPusey
Quiz por MPusey, atualizado more than 1 year ago
MPusey
Criado por MPusey quase 10 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
What are the functions of skin?
Responda
  • Protection
  • Thermoregulation
  • Fat store
  • Sensation
  • Produce vitamin C
  • Produce vitamin D

Questão 2

Questão
What is the most superficial layer of skin?
Responda
  • Dermis
  • Epidermis
  • Subcutis

Questão 3

Questão
How many layers make up the epidermis?
Responda
  • 5 in normal skin, 4 in thick skin
  • 4 in normal skin, 5 in thick skin

Questão 4

Questão
What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
Responda
  • Stratum corneum
  • Stratum lucidum
  • Stratum Granulosum
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum Basale

Questão 5

Questão
What is the most superficial layer of the epidermis?
Responda
  • Stratum Corneum
  • Stratum Lucidum
  • Stratum Granulosum
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum Basale

Questão 6

Questão
Which layer of the epidermis is only found in thick skin?
Responda
  • Stratum corneum
  • Stratum lucidum
  • Stratum granulosum
  • Stratum spinosum
  • Stratum basale

Questão 7

Questão
Where on the body would you find thick skin?
Responda
  • Soles of the feet
  • Knees
  • Fingertips
  • Palms of the hands
  • Lips

Questão 8

Questão
Between which layers of the epidermis is the stratum lucidum found?
Responda
  • Between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum
  • Between the stratum granulosum and the stratum spinosum
  • Between the stratum spinosum and the stratum basale

Questão 9

Questão
What is the function of the stratum basale?
Responda
  • Endure the normal wear and tear of everyday life
  • Produce keratin and hydrophobic substances which keep the skin waterproof
  • Allow keratinocytes to mature and play a role in immune function
  • Constantly produce keratinocytes

Questão 10

Questão
What is the function of the stratum granulosum?
Responda
  • Endure the normal everyday wear and tear
  • Produce keratin and hydrophobic substances that keep skin waterproof
  • Allow keratinocytes to mature and have a role in immunity
  • Constantly produce keratinocytes

Questão 11

Questão
What is the function of the stratum corneum?
Responda
  • Endure the everyday wear and tear of everyday life
  • Produce keratin and hydrophobic substances that help to keep skin waterproof
  • Allow keratinocytes to mature and has a role in immune function
  • Constantly produce keratinocytes

Questão 12

Questão
What is the function of the stratum spinosum?
Responda
  • Endures the normal everyday wear and tear
  • Produces keratin and hydrophobic substances that help to keep skin waterproof
  • Allow keratinocytes to mature and has a role in immunity
  • Constantly produces keratinocytes

Questão 13

Questão
How many days, on average, does it take for cells produced in the stratum basale to reach the stratum corneum?
Responda
  • 2 days
  • 5 days
  • 10 days
  • 20 days
  • 50 days

Questão 14

Questão
In what dermatological disease is the turnover of keratinocytes increased?
Responda
  • Atopic eczema
  • Psoriasis
  • Impetigo
  • Tinea

Questão 15

Questão
Which of the following are non-keratinising cells that can be found in the epidermis?
Responda
  • Merkel cells
  • Beta cells
  • Langerhan cells
  • Melanocytes
  • Kpuffer cells
  • Keratinocytes

Questão 16

Questão
What are Langerhan cells
Responda
  • Phagocytes
  • Antigen Presenting Cells
  • Pigment Producing Cells

Questão 17

Questão
What are Merkel Cells thought to do?
Responda
  • Act as sensory receptors
  • Produce the pigment that gives skin its colour
  • Produce collagen

Questão 18

Questão
What keeps the dermis and the epidermis separate?
Responda
  • A layer of fat
  • A layer of type II collagen
  • A basement membrane

Questão 19

Questão
What is the name of the upper layer of the dermis?
Responda
  • Papillary dermis
  • Reticular dermis

Questão 20

Questão
What is the name of the lower layer of the dermis?
Responda
  • Papillary dermis
  • Reticular dermis

Questão 21

Questão
Which of the following is not found within the dermis?
Responda
  • Fibroblasts, fibrocytes and their extracellular products
  • Collagen and elastin
  • Melanocytes
  • Glycosaminoglycans
  • Blood vessels and nerves
  • Some immune cells

Questão 22

Questão
Where is the deep vascular plexus?
Responda
  • Stratum basale of the epidermis
  • Reticular dermis only
  • Reticular dermis, with small branches entering the papillary dermis

Questão 23

Questão
Where is the superficial vascular plexus?
Responda
  • Stratum basale of the epidermis
  • Reticular dermis only
  • Reticular dermis, with branches running into the papillary dermis

Questão 24

Questão
Why does blood flow within the skin need to be variable?
Responda
  • To allow sensation
  • To allow blood to be directed to other areas of the body when they functioning more than usual
  • For thermoregulation

Questão 25

Questão
What nervous system allows the blood flow to the skin to be changed by constricting some of the anastamoses?
Responda
  • Sympathetic nervous system
  • Parasympathetic nervous system

Questão 26

Questão
What are the four different types of nerve endings found in the dermis?
Responda
  • Free nerve endings
  • Fixed nerve endings
  • Pacinian corpuscles
  • Meissner's corpuscles
  • Merkel cellls
  • Langerhan cells

Questão 27

Questão
What is the subcutis predominantly made up of?
Responda
  • Type II collagen
  • Type I collagen
  • Adipose tissue
  • Melanocytes

Questão 28

Questão
What are the functions of the subcutis?
Responda
  • Heat insulator
  • Produce vitamin D
  • Act as a food store
  • Produce melanin
  • Produce type II collagen
  • Act as a shock absorber

Questão 29

Questão
Which of the following are associated with hair follicles?
Responda
  • Apocrine sweat glands
  • Eccrine sweat glands
  • Sebaceous glands
  • Arrector pili muscles

Questão 30

Questão
What do sebaceous glands produce?
Responda
  • Watery substances
  • Sebum
  • Kertain for hair formation

Questão 31

Questão
What is the function of sebum?
Responda
  • It has antibiotic functions and protects us from bacteria
  • It moisturizes skin and hair
  • It allows us to lose heat when we are too hot

Questão 32

Questão
Hair and nails are made out of the same substance: keratin. True or false?
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 33

Questão
What does soft keratin contain that hard keratin does not?
Responda
  • Granular layer
  • Adipose tissue
  • Type II collagen

Questão 34

Questão
What are the two types of sweat gland found in skin?
Responda
  • Sebaceous
  • Apocrine
  • Eccrine

Questão 35

Questão
Which of these sweat glands produces smelly sweat?
Responda
  • Apocrine
  • Eccrine

Questão 36

Questão
What is the mechanism of secretion for eccrine sweat glands?
Responda
  • Holocrine
  • Apotosis
  • Merocrine

Questão 37

Questão
How are eccrine sweat glands innervated?
Responda
  • Sympathetic cholenergic control
  • Sympathetic adrenergic control
  • Parasympathetic cholenergic control

Questão 38

Questão
Where on the body are apocrine sweat glands found?
Responda
  • Hands and feet
  • Armpits
  • Genitalia and groin
  • Everywhere that there is thick hair on the body

Questão 39

Questão
What is the innervation of apocrine sweat glands?
Responda
  • Sympathetic adrenergic control
  • Sympathetic cholenergic control
  • Parasympathetic cholenergic control

Questão 40

Questão
What is the function of vitamin D?
Responda
  • Regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism
  • Regulates sodium and calcium metabolism
  • Regulates sodium and potassium metabolism

Questão 41

Questão
How much vitamin D is produced by our skin?
Responda
  • 25%
  • 55%
  • 70%
  • 90%

Questão 42

Questão
Lack of vitamin D in adults can cause what disease?
Responda
  • Osteomalacia
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Rickets
  • Osteoporosis

Questão 43

Questão
Where in the body is vitamin D activated?
Responda
  • Blood vessels
  • Kidneys
  • Spleen

Questão 44

Questão
In what layer of the epidermis are melanocytes found?
Responda
  • Stratum corneum
  • Stratum lucidum
  • Stratum granulosum
  • Stratum spinosum
  • Stratum basale

Questão 45

Questão
What is the histological appearance of melanocytes?
Responda
  • Dark, flat cells resting on the basement membrane
  • Cells with many dendrites which mostly penetrate the basale layer
  • Round cells with visible granules inside

Questão 46

Questão
What does melanin do?
Responda
  • Gives skin its colour
  • Protects the skin from harmful UV radiation
  • All of the above

Questão 47

Questão
What are the two types of melanin?
Responda
  • Eumelanin
  • Pheomelanin
  • Fibromelanin
  • Neomelanin

Questão 48

Questão
How do these two types of melanin cause the wide range of skin colours seen in humans?
Responda
  • They are mixed in different ratios
  • Darker skinned people have more melanin than lighter skinned people
  • Lighter skinned people only have one type of melanin

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