IBS - Embryology Quiz

Descrição

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Quiz por . ., atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por . . quase 10 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
What does the Morula become?
Responda
  • A distinct inner and outer cell mass
  • A trilaminar embryo
  • The epiblast and hypoblast

Questão 2

Questão
The inner cell mass differentiates into which two structures?
Responda
  • Epiblast
  • Hypoblast
  • Ectoderm
  • Mesoderm
  • Endoderm

Questão 3

Questão
The primitive streak indicates that gastrulation is occurring.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 4

Questão
What is gastrulation?
Responda
  • The migration of epiblast cells to the primitive streak which then migrates down and displaces the hypoblast, forming a trilaminar embryo consisting, in descending order, of the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
  • The folding of the parietal and visceral layers of the lateral plate mesoderm in order to form the precursors to the bone and wall of the gut tube respectively.
  • The formation of the notochord from the notochordal plate in a cranial to caudal sequence.

Questão 5

Questão
The Ectoderm is destined to become what structures?
Responda
  • Tooth enamel
  • Nervous system
  • Epidermis
  • Gastrointestinal tract
  • Respiratory system
  • Muscle
  • Cardiovascular system

Questão 6

Questão
The Mesoderm is destined to become which structures?
Responda
  • Connective tissue
  • Cardiovascular system
  • Muscle
  • Blood cells
  • Respiratory system
  • Nervous system
  • Epidermis

Questão 7

Questão
The Endoderm is destined to become which structures?
Responda
  • Gastrointestinal tract
  • Respiratory system
  • Urinary system
  • Epidermis
  • Connective tissue
  • Cardiovascular system

Questão 8

Questão
The Notochord is important in signal secretion for nervous system development.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 9

Questão
The primitive node is the "organiser" of the trilaminar embryo, and releases signalling molecules like NODAL, BMP4 and Noggin.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 10

Questão
Neurulation is the formation of the neural tube. The embryonic plate elongates and folding creates a neural groove and neural plate. Somites, ridges either side of the groove form. Continued folding leads to a tube structure forming. The anterior and posterior neuropores then close, forming a neural tube.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 11

Questão
The notochord release BMP that patterns the ventral side of the neural tube.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 12

Questão
BMP is released which patterns the dorsal side of the neural tube.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 13

Questão
Spina Bifida is caused by what?
Responda
  • Failure of the neural tube to close
  • Failure of neural crest cells to migrate
  • Failure of gastrulation

Questão 14

Questão
Mutations in SHH can lead to what?
Responda
  • Cyclopsia due to lack of bilateral symmetry
  • Inverted organ symmetry due to lack of wafting

Questão 15

Questão
The mesoderm differentiates into which layers?
Responda
  • Somatic
  • Intermediate
  • Lateral plate - Parietal and Visceral layers
  • Occipital
  • Frontal
  • Posterior

Questão 16

Questão
Folding of the parietal layer of the lateral plate mesoderm produces the precursor to the GI tract.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 17

Questão
Somites differentiate into what three 'tomes'?
Responda
  • Dermatome
  • Myotome
  • Sclerotome
  • Epitome
  • Gastrotome
  • Echinotome

Questão 18

Questão
HOX genes are not responsible for coding for particular segments of body structures
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 19

Questão
Pharyngeal arches are located where?
Responda
  • Ectodermal side - ridges
  • Endodermal side - ridges
  • Endodermal side - pits
  • Ectodermal side - pits

Questão 20

Questão
There are 5 pharyngeal arches; 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 21

Questão
Neural crest cell migration is important in forming the ectodermal placodes. The crest cells aid in the formation of sensory ganglia of certain cranial nerves. Which cranial nerves are these and what conditions may result due to migration failure?
Responda
  • CN 5, 7, 9 and 10
  • CN 5, 7, 8 and 10
  • CN 1, 3, 10 and 12
  • CN 2, 4, 9 and 11
  • Digeorge syndrome
  • Robin syndrome
  • Anencephaly
  • Down's Syndrome

Questão 22

Questão
Migrated neural crest cells can form 'cartilages' in the arches such as Meckel's cartilage. What is its function?
Responda
  • Precursor template for the mandible
  • Signal secretion for the developing embryo
  • Formation of the sensory ganglia in the arches

Questão 23

Questão
Which cranial nerve innervates the 1st pharyngeal arch?
Responda
  • Trigeminal
  • Facial
  • Glossopharyngeal
  • Vagus

Questão 24

Questão
Which cranial nerve innervates the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
Responda
  • Trigeminal
  • Facial
  • Glossopharyngeal
  • Vagus

Questão 25

Questão
Which cranial nerve innervates the 3rd pharyngeal arch?
Responda
  • Trigeminal
  • Facial
  • Glossopharyngeal
  • Vagus

Questão 26

Questão
Which cranial nerve innervates the 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches?
Responda
  • Trigeminal
  • Facial
  • Glossopharyngeal
  • Vagus

Questão 27

Questão
Which components of the skull are made from the 1st pharyngeal arch?
Responda
  • Zygomatic bone
  • Maxilla
  • Mandible
  • Temporal bone
  • Hyoid bone
  • Styloid process

Questão 28

Questão
Which components of the skull are made from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
Responda
  • Hyoid bone
  • Styloid process
  • Stylohyoid ligament
  • Zygomatic bone
  • Cricoid cartilage

Questão 29

Questão
Which components of the skull are made from the 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches?
Responda
  • Thyroid cartilage
  • Cricoid cartilage
  • Styloid process
  • Maxilla
  • Temporal bone

Questão 30

Questão
The medial and lateral nasal prominences join together to make the nose.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 31

Questão
The fusion of the medial nasal prominences forms the secondary palate
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 32

Questão
The maxillary prominences fuse together to form the secondary palate
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 33

Questão
What condition(s) are caused by failure of the nasal, mandibular and maxillary prominences to fuse?
Responda
  • Cleft palate
  • Spina Bifida
  • DiGeorge
  • Robin

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