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IBS Set 1 Quiz - DNA and Gene expression

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Quiz por . ., atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Adenine complementary pairs to what other bases in DNA and RNA?
Responda
  • Cytosine
  • Guanine
  • Thymine
  • Uracil

Questão 2

Questão
What direction does the coding strand run in?
Responda
  • 5' to 3'
  • 3' to 5'

Questão 3

Questão
What direction does the template strand run in?
Responda
  • 5' to 3'
  • 3' to 5'

Questão 4

Questão
What is the correct process of DNA replication?
Responda
  • DNA helicase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 5' to 3' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
  • DNA helicase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 3' to 5' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
  • DNA gyrase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 5' to 3' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
  • DNA gyrase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 3' to 5' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA ligase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.

Questão 5

Questão
What is the function of Gyrase?
Responda
  • Prevent DNA supercoiling
  • Unwind the double stranded DNA
  • Remove RNA primers
  • Add DNA repeats to the 3' end of DNA strands in telomere regions (at the end of the chromosome)

Questão 6

Questão
What is the function of telomerase?
Responda
  • Add DNA repeats to the 3' end of DNA strands in telomere regions (at the end of the chromosome)
  • Prevents DNA supercoiling
  • Unwinds the DNA double strand
  • Remove RNA primers

Questão 7

Questão
Which type of RNA encodes the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide?
Responda
  • mRNA
  • rRNA
  • tRNA
  • snRNA

Questão 8

Questão
Which type of RNA forms a protein complex which aid in the formation of a spliceosome?
Responda
  • mRNA
  • snRNA
  • rRNA
  • tRNA

Questão 9

Questão
Which type of RNA is a component of the ribosome?
Responda
  • rRNA
  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • snRNA

Questão 10

Questão
Which type of RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosomes during translation?
Responda
  • tRNA
  • rRNA
  • mRNA
  • snRNA

Questão 11

Questão
What does label 1 show on the model of the gene?
Image:
6d758d53-a478-4547-8a1f-ee4cafd1dcd3 (image/png)
Responda
  • Promoter
  • RNA coding sequence
  • Terminator

Questão 12

Questão
What does label 2 show on the model of the gene?
Image:
ccf26974-bf47-487b-8855-57ee8897c91e (image/png)
Responda
  • Promoter
  • RNA coding sequence
  • Terminator

Questão 13

Questão
What does label 3 show on the model of the gene?
Image:
369f13fa-dbbc-404f-bcde-8749d40d8dfa (image/png)
Responda
  • Promoter
  • RNA coding sequence
  • Terminator

Questão 14

Questão
The process of transcription is what?
Responda
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Gyrase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 5' to 3' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Telomerase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 5' to 3' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Gyrase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 3' to 5' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Telomerase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 3' to 5' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.

Questão 15

Questão
Splicing occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 16

Questão
Select the processes which occur in the nucleus
Responda
  • DNA replication
  • Transcription
  • Splicing
  • Translation

Questão 17

Questão
Select the process which occurs in the cytoplasm
Responda
  • DNA replication
  • Translation
  • Transcription
  • Splicing

Questão 18

Questão
The start codon on mRNA is always what set of bases?
Responda
  • ATG
  • TAC
  • AUG
  • AGU

Questão 19

Questão
The 40s subunit of an 80s ribosome contains the P and A site where the tRNA binds.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 20

Questão
What is the process of amino acid charging?
Responda
  • AA attaches to amino-acyl tRNA synthetase -> ATP binds to docking site -> hydrolysed to AMP -> AMP exits -> tRNA becomes charged -> charged tRNA is released
  • AA attaches to amino-acyl tRNA synthetase -> ATP binds to docking site -> hydrolysed to ADP -> ADP exits -> tRNA becomes charged -> charged tRNA is released

Questão 21

Questão
What is the process of translation?
Responda
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon UAC binds to the AUG sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon AUG binds to the UAC sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to rRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon AUG binds to the UAC sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon UAC binds to the AUG sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via aminoacyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles

Questão 22

Questão
Convention is that polypeptides start with a C terminus and end with an N terminus.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 23

Questão
Polysomes are advantageous because they mean mRNA, which is very unstable, can be translated into many proteins despite having a short life span.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 24

Questão
What are the three generic types of DNA mutations?
Responda
  • Insertion
  • Substitution
  • Deletion
  • Rearrangement
  • Reorderment

Questão 25

Questão
What is meant by a silent mutation?
Responda
  • The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
  • A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
  • A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.

Questão 26

Questão
What is meant by a missense mutation?
Responda
  • The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
  • A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
  • A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.

Questão 27

Questão
What is meant by a nonsense mutation?
Responda
  • The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
  • A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
  • A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.

Questão 28

Questão
Deletion or insertion of 1,2,4 or 5 bases could cause a frameshift
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 29

Questão
A frameshift can completely alter the primary structure of a protein.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 30

Questão
Most intronic mutations are not detrimental to the final protein.
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 31

Questão
A missense mutation can produce a partially working protein.
Responda
  • True
  • False

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