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Applied Liinguistics 2004

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Ros Agnieszka
Quiz por Ros Agnieszka, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Ros Agnieszka
Criado por Ros Agnieszka mais de 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
01. The phenomenon of carrying over the previously acquired knowledge to a subsequent learning situation is referred to as
Responda
  • A. interference
  • B. transfer
  • C. inhibition
  • D. overgeneralization

Questão 2

Questão
02. According to behaviourist theories, what is the main obstacle to learning a foreign language?
Responda
  • A. avoidance
  • B. pattern imitation
  • C. habit formation
  • D. proactive inhibition

Questão 3

Questão
03. Language used by native speakers when communicating with second language learners is called
Responda
  • A. baseline speech
  • B. modified input
  • C. caretaker speech
  • D. foreigner talk

Questão 4

Questão
04. Which component of communicative competence is included in the models proposed by both Hymes (1970) and Canale and Swain (1980)?
Responda
  • A. grammatical competence
  • B. sociolinguistic competence
  • C. strategic competence
  • D. none of the above

Questão 5

Questão
05.Which of the following is not a part of the model of communicative competence by Hymes?
Responda
  • A grammatical competence
  • B sociolinguistic competence
  • C strategic competence
  • D They are all included in the model

Questão 6

Questão
06. Which of the following is not a part of the model of communicative competence by Canale and Swain?
Responda
  • A. grammatical competence
  • B. sociolinguistic competence
  • C. strategic competence
  • D. They are all included in the model.

Questão 7

Questão
07. Krashen’s approach to L2 learning can be described as
Responda
  • A. the interface position.
  • B. a discourse theory.
  • C. a homogeneous competence model.
  • D. a dual competence hypothesis.

Questão 8

Questão
08. Which of the following factors is a part of Krashen’s Affective Filter Hypothesis?
Responda
  • A. anxiety
  • B. inhibition
  • C. risk-taking
  • D. none of the above

Questão 9

Questão
09. . Krashen claims that the necessary condition to effectively monitor the L2 output is
Responda
  • A. lowering the anxiety level
  • B. focusing on form
  • C.focusing on meaning
  • D. overcoming inhibition

Questão 10

Questão
10. The Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) measures the degree of
Responda
  • A. spatial intelligence
  • B. inductive language learning
  • C. field dependence/independence
  • D. cognitive analytic language proficiency

Questão 11

Questão
11. The capacity to understand and produce language is concentrated for most children in
Responda
  • A. the left brain hemisphere
  • B. both brain hemispheres.
  • C. the right brain hemisphere
  • D. brain areas not yet investigated

Questão 12

Questão
12. The capacity to understand and produce language is concentrated for most adults in
Responda
  • A. the left brain hemisphere
  • B. A. the left brain hemispheres
  • C. the right brain hemisphere
  • D. brain areas not yet investigated

Questão 13

Questão
13. In relation to which factor does the Critical Period Hypothesis explain language acquisition?
Responda
  • A. age
  • B. aptitude
  • C. intelligences
  • D. cognitive style

Questão 14

Questão
14. Which personality feature is not a part of the Affective Filter Hypothesis?
Responda
  • A. anxiety
  • B. self-image
  • C. motivation
  • D. inhibition

Questão 15

Questão
15. According to Gardner and Lambert, the primary determinant of L2 proficiency is
Responda
  • A. aptitude
  • B. cognitive style
  • C. motivation
  • D. personality

Questão 16

Questão
16. The way in which people perceive, conceptualize, organize, and recall information is called
Responda
  • A. cognitive style
  • B. learning strategies
  • C. hypothesis testing
  • D. field (in)dependence

Questão 17

Questão
17. Krashen claims that the Monitor is the device that learners use most successfully when they have enough time to focus on form and
Responda
  • A. they know the rule
  • B. their level of anxiety is low
  • C. they use their acquired knowledge
  • D. they control the utterance before it is uttered

Questão 18

Questão
18. Motivation that derives from the learner’s inherent interest in the learning task is called
Responda
  • A. integrative
  • B. instrumental
  • C. extrinsic
  • D. resultative

Questão 19

Questão
19. Keefe describes cognitive, affective, and physiological behaviours that serve as relatively stable indicators of how learners perceive, interact with, and respond to the learning environment. This is a definition of
Responda
  • A. foreign language aptitude
  • B. learning style
  • C. personality domains
  • D. visual-spatial abilities

Questão 20

Questão
20. Core rules are those that can be arrived at through the application of general, abstract principles of language structure. Core rules can be
Responda
  • A. only marked
  • B. only unmarked
  • C. both marked and unmarked
  • D. neither marked nor unmarked

Questão 21

Questão
21. Carroll distinguished the four components of FL aptitude. Which type of ability is not a part of his definition of aptitude?
Responda
  • A. phonetic coding ability
  • B. rote learning ability
  • C. inductive learning ability
  • D. deductive learning ability

Questão 22

Questão
22. Reid distinguished four perceptual learning modalities. One of them is called
Responda
  • A. interactional
  • B. sensory
  • C. kinaesthetic
  • D. receptive

Questão 23

Questão
23. Which of the following learner cognitive factors/processes is characterized by the CALP/BISC distinction?
Responda
  • A. cognitive style
  • B. language style
  • C. language processing
  • D. learning ability

Questão 24

Questão
24. The ability to notice and identify similarities and differences in grammatical form and meaning is referred to as
Responda
  • A. grammatical sensitivity
  • B. inductive ability
  • C. deductive ability
  • D. strategic competence

Questão 25

Questão
25. Which of the following individual learner factors is modifiable?
Responda
  • A. intelligence
  • B. age
  • C. motivation
  • D. field (in)dependence

Questão 26

Questão
26. A type of instruction designed to make a learner aware of specific linguistic features is called
Responda
  • A. cognitive awareness
  • B. consciousness raising
  • C. learner-centred instruction
  • D. pattern practice

Questão 27

Questão
27. Tolerance of ambiguity is a dimension of
Responda
  • A. field dependence/independence
  • B. rote learning ability
  • C. language aptitude
  • D. cognitive style

Questão 28

Questão
28. Borrowings from other languages (e.g. sauerkraut, sauna, saute) are referred to as
Responda
  • A. marked forms
  • B. unmarked forms
  • C. substantial universals
  • D. peripheral universals

Questão 29

Questão
29. The learner replaces one L2 form with another (rose --> flower). This is an example of the achievement strategy referred to as
Responda
  • A. paraphrase
  • B. code switching
  • C. word coinage
  • D. substitution

Questão 30

Questão
30. One item in L1 becomes two items in L2 (pożyczać --> borrow/lend). This is an example of
Responda
  • A. parallel distribution
  • B. coalescence
  • C. convergent phenomena
  • D. divergent phenomena

Questão 31

Questão
31. Most L2 learners fail to reach target language competence because they stop learning at some point. This is referred to as
Responda
  • A. regression
  • B. backsliding
  • C. fossilization
  • D. inhibition

Questão 32

Questão
32. Expressions which are learnt as unanalyzable chunks and employed on particular occasions are referred to as
Responda
  • A. simplification
  • B. formulaic speech
  • C. transitional constructions
  • D. idiosyncrasies

Questão 33

Questão
33. Language directed at the learner is called
Responda
  • A. discourse continuum
  • B. primary data
  • C. input
  • D. intake

Questão 34

Questão
34. Which theory explains SLA in terms of the degree of social and psychological distance between a learner and the target language group?
Responda
  • A. Accomodation Theory
  • B. Discourse Theory
  • C. The Acculturation Model
  • D. The Universal Hypothesis

Questão 35

Questão
35. Which theory attempts to explain SLA in terms of the adjustments which speakers make to their speech during interactions?
Responda
  • A. Discourse Theory
  • B. Affective Filter Hypothesis
  • C. Accommodation Theory
  • D. Variable Competence Model

Questão 36

Questão
36. Which view of SLA minimizes the role of the input?
Responda
  • A. behaviourist
  • B. mentalist
  • C. interactionist
  • D. none of the above

Questão 37

Questão
37. Which view of SLA emphasizes the role of the input?
Responda
  • A. behaviourist
  • B. mentalist
  • C. interactionist
  • D. none of the above

Questão 38

Questão
38. The knowledge a learner is unaware of and therefore cannot verbalize is referred to as
Responda
  • A. implicit
  • B. explicit
  • C. declarative
  • D. metacognitive

Questão 39

Questão
39. In which of the following theories were grammaticality judgments the chief source of data?
Responda
  • A. Monitor Model
  • B. Variable Competence Model
  • C. Interlanguage Theory
  • D. Universal Grammar

Questão 40

Questão
40. How do Dulay and Burt describe errors which do not reflect the first language structure but can be found in first language acquisition data?
Responda
  • A. as interference errors
  • B. as developmental errors
  • C. as ambiguous errors
  • D. as unique errors

Questão 41

Questão
41. Tarone claims that we can predict that the L2 use of a particular linguistic feature (e.g. the 3rd person singular -s) will be the most frequent in the following contexts:
Responda
  • A. simple and careful
  • B. A. simple and vernacular
  • C. complex and careful
  • D. complex and vernacular

Questão 42

Questão
42. Utterances such as ‘What you are doing?’ contain an intralingual error classified as
Responda
  • A. false concept hypothesized
  • B. ignorance of rule restriction
  • C. incomplete application of rules
  • D. overgeneralization

Questão 43

Questão
43. In a surface structure taxonomy the utterance ‘What you are doing?’ is described as an error of
Responda
  • A. omission
  • B. addition
  • C. misinformation
  • D. misordering

Questão 44

Questão
44. Utterances that are superficially well-formed but do not mean what the learner wanted to express are called
Responda
  • A. ambiguous errors
  • B. unique errors
  • C. covert errors
  • D. overt errors

Questão 45

Questão
45. The term ‘local errors’ is used to refer to errors that affect
Responda
  • A. single elements in a sentence
  • B. overall sentence organization
  • C. the structure of a paragraph
  • D. overall coherence of the message

Questão 46

Questão
46. In Bialystok’s model of SLA, implicit linguistic knowledge can be derived from explicit linguistic knowledge through
Responda
  • A. inferencing
  • B. language exposure
  • C. functional practising
  • D. formal practicing

Questão 47

Questão
47. Ellis’s and Tarone’s models of SLA are based on the notions of
Responda
  • A. 'acquisition' and 'learning'
  • B. 'input' and 'interactions'
  • C. ‘attention’ and ‘planning’
  • D. 'declarative' and 'procedural knowledge'

Questão 48

Questão
48. ‘Capability continuum’ is a set of
Responda
  • A. overlapping stages of interlanguage development
  • B. structures in the sequence of the U-shaped behaviour
  • C. morphemes that reflect the natural order of acquisition
  • D. speech styles ranging from formal to vernacular

Questão 49

Questão
49. Conscious application of rules to understand or produce the second language is the strategy of
Responda
  • A. inferencing
  • B. deduction
  • C. induction
  • D. resourcing

Questão 50

Questão
50. Inferencing is a strategy used in the process of
Responda
  • A. simplification
  • B. overgeneralization
  • C. hypothesis formation
  • D. hypothesis testing

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