Musculoskeletal System for NCCQ

Question 1

The musculoskeletal system is made up of bones, joints, muscles,
tendons, ligaments and cartilage. The main functions of this important
system are:

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support and stability

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protection of internal organs

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locomotion

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production of blood cells

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storage of calcium and other minerals

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formation of conscious thought

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detection of smells and tastes

Question 2

The bones of the skeleton are divided into two groups: the [blank_start]axial[blank_end]
skeleton which includes the bones of the skull, ribs, sternum and
vertebral column, and the [blank_start]appendicular[blank_end] skeleton which includes the
bones of the shoulders, hips and the upper and lower extremities.

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axial

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appendicular

Question 3

What are the types of bone shape?

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Long

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Flat

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Short

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Irregular

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Smooth

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Branched

Question 4

The [blank_start]skull[blank_end] is the bony framework of the head consisting of the cranium
and facial bones

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skull

Question 5

The [blank_start]cranium[blank_end] protects the brain. It is made up of eight bones, connected
by fixed joints (sutures).

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cranium

Question 6

The [blank_start]mandible[blank_end] is the lower jaw which carries the lower teeth. It is the
only bone in the skull which can move freely

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mandible

Question 7

The upper jaw which carries the upper teeth is called the [blank_start]maxilla[blank_end]

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maxilla

Question 8

The vertebral column consists of [blank_start]33[blank_end] bones—in adults 24 are separate
and movable, five are fused to make the [blank_start]sacrum[blank_end] and the remaining
four are fused to make the [blank_start]coccyx[blank_end]

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33

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sacrum

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coccyx

Question 9

The [blank_start]24[blank_end] movable bones of the vertebral column are divided
into three regions:
[blank_start]7[blank_end] cervical vertebrae
[blank_start]12[blank_end] thoracic vertebrae
[blank_start]5[blank_end] lumbar vertebrae

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24

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7

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12

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5

Question 10

There are [blank_start]33[blank_end] bones in the vertebral column:

[blank_start]7[blank_end] cervical vertebrae
[blank_start]12[blank_end] thoracic vertebrae
[blank_start]5[blank_end] lumbar vertebrae
[blank_start]5[blank_end] sacral vertebrae
[blank_start]4[blank_end] coccygeal vertebrae

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33

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7

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12

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5

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5

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4

Question 11

The vertebrae are separated by [blank_start]intervertebral[blank_end] discs, consisting of
cartilage and other tissue.

The bones and discs are held in place by
[blank_start]ligaments[blank_end].

The discs allow limited [blank_start]movement[blank_end] between the
separate bones and absorb [blank_start]shock[blank_end].

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intervertebral

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ligaments

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movement

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shock

Question 12

The collar bone or [blank_start]clavicle[blank_end] articulates with the [blank_start]sternum[blank_end] and the scapula.

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clavicle

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sternum

Question 13

The [blank_start]scapula[blank_end] is a large flat triangular shaped bone, also called the
shoulder blade.

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scapula

Question 14

The bone of the upper arm is the [blank_start]humerus[blank_end]. It connects with the [blank_start]scapula[blank_end]
at the shoulder and the radius and ulna at the [blank_start]elbow[blank_end].

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humerus

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scapula

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elbow

Question 15

The radius and ulna are two bones of the [blank_start]forearm[blank_end], which, with
the humerus, make the [blank_start]elbow[blank_end] joint and with the carpal bones the
[blank_start]wrist[blank_end] joint.

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elbow

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wrist

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forearm

Question 16

In each wrist there are [blank_start]8[blank_end] carpal bones

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8

Question 17

Five [blank_start]metacarpal[blank_end] bones make the palm of the hand, each bone joins the
[blank_start]phalanges[blank_end] of fingers and thumb (at the knuckles).

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metacarpal

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phalanges

Question 18

Each hand has [blank_start]14[blank_end] phalanges, [blank_start]3[blank_end] in each finger and [blank_start]2[blank_end] in the thumb. They articulate with the metacarpals and with each other

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14

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3

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2

Question 19

There are [blank_start]12[blank_end] pairs of ribs which form a protective cage around
organs such as the heart and lungs in the thoracic cavity. The top 10
are attached to the [blank_start]sternum[blank_end] at the front with cartilage, the bottom
two ribs are free at the front. At the back, all ribs are connected to the
[blank_start]thoracic[blank_end] vertebrae. [blank_start]Intercostal[blank_end] muscles between the ribs expand the rib
cage in the breathing process.

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12

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sternum

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thoracic

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Intercostal

Question 20

The [blank_start]sternum[blank_end] is a flat bone running centrally down the front of the
chest. The top 10 ribs are attached to the middle portion or the
“[blank_start]body[blank_end]”. The lower tip is referred to as the [blank_start]xiphoid[blank_end] process, and the
[blank_start]manubrium[blank_end] is the uppermost part of the sternum.

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sternum

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body

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xiphoid

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manubrium

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