4937138
Questão 1
Questão
What has to be removed in order to place an epidural electrode?
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lamina
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pedicle
Questão 2
Questão
Stimulation of the cortex on an AWAKE patient is to test for:
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identity
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language
Questão 3
Questão
If a patient is unable to move at the end of the surgery, it is consistent with damage to the:
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cortical spinal tracts
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spinal thalamic
Questão 4
Questão
Isola:
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rods and hooks
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sublaminal wires
Questão 5
Questão
The best muscle to record lower TCeMEPs is:
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ATB
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FHL
Questão 6
Questão
The best time for a wake-up test during scoliosis surgery is after:
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distraction
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induction
Questão 7
Questão
The risk of the wake-up test includes:
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derotation
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extubation
Questão 8
Questão
What monitoring is best for a scoliosis surgery?
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TCeMEP, SSEP, s-EMG, t-EMG
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EEG, EMG
Questão 9
Questão
If you have to select only one modality during a scoliosis surgery, which one will you choose?
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TCeMEP
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SSEP
Questão 10
Questão
Vertebral arteries run from:
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C2-C7
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the basilar artery rostrally
Questão 11
Questão
What is the conduction time from stimulation at the lower thoracic spinal cord to a recording at the upper thoracic spinal cord?
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less than 10 msec
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more than 30 msec
Questão 12
Questão
What is the most likely outcome with an occlusion of the anterior spinal artery
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loss of N13
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lower extremity paralysis
Questão 13
Questão
After a thoracolumbar case, the patient wakes up with intact lower sensation and motor function, but left upper extremity weakness. What is the likely cause?
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brachial plexopathy
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thrombosis
Questão 14
Questão
The effects of Harrington rod distraction on the spinal cord can be tested by the following except:
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the Stagnara wake-up test
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dorsal root stimulation
Questão 15
Questão
Stimulation of the motor pathway can be achieved with little movement in the surgical field by:
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slowing the stimulation rate
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increasing the stimulation rate enough to produce muscle tetany
Questão 16
Questão
Following the final application of corrective forces to the spinal column, the spinal cord should typically be monitored for at least:
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5 minutes
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30 minutes
Questão 17
Questão
A contraindication for the use of transcranial electrical stimulation is
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craniotomy
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a cardiac pacemaker in place
Questão 18
Questão
The Luque type of spinal instrumentation usually involves:
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the sublaminal wires
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rods and screws
Questão 19
Questão
Luque rods would best be used for:
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posterior spinal fixation
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anterior cervical fusion stabilization
Questão 20
Questão
A "false negative" test means that the test results:
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do not show an abnormality when a clinical abnormality is present
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show an abnormality when no clinical abnormality exits
Questão 21
Questão
During scoliosis surgery, the spinal cord is most at risk for injury during:
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hypotension induced by the anesthesiologist
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spinal distraction and sublaminar wiring
Questão 22
Questão
For transcortical magnetic stimulation, it is not true that:
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an electrical stimulator is required to pace the stimulus
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the stimulation is not perceived as painful
Questão 23
Questão
Changing the inter stimulus interval (lSI) from 3.7 to 2.1 will:
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increase the frequency of stimulation
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decrease the frequency of stimulation
Questão 24
Questão
Motor evoked potentials are also known as:
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cathodal stimulation
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anodal stimulation
Questão 25
Questão
Motor evoked potentials can be recorded from the:
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dermatomes
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epidural space
Questão 26
Questão
Motor evoked potentials responses are affected by the:
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rocuronium
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ativan
Questão 27
Questão
The ideal anesthesia regimen for TCeMEP recording is:
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65% N20
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TIVA
Questão 28
Questão
The epidural responses are also known as:
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D and I waves
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F and H waves
Questão 29
Questão
The motor evoked response in hand muscles (arrow) is referred as:
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robust
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clipping
Questão 30
Questão
The latency of the response in foot muscles is approximately:
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40 ms
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22 ms
Questão 31
Questão
The responses in channel2 are classified as:
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biphasic
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polyphasic
Questão 32
Questão
When recording motor evoked potentials, the artifact reject should always be
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turned off
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turned on
Questão 33
Questão
The latency of D-wave responses in the upper cervical area is about:
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3 ms
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6 ms
Questão 34
Questão
D-wave responses are:
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abolished at 1.2 MAC of anesthesia
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not effected by anesthesia
Questão 35
Questão
An increase in anesthesia will result in a loss of the ___ response before the ____
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I4, I3
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I1, I2
Questão 36
Questão
The recommended range of inter stimulus interval for motor evoked potentials is:
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1.1 - 8.8
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1.9 - 3.9
Questão 37
Questão
The band pass setting for motor evoked potential should be set to:
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10-5000 Hz
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1 -1000Hz
Questão 38
Questão
The latency of D-wave responses in the lower cervical area is about:
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6 ms
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12 ms
Questão 39
Questão
The latency of D-wave responses in the lower thoracic area is about:
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9 ms
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15 ms
Questão 40
Questão
A response recorded at 15 ms from an epidural spinal electrode arises from:
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the lower thoracic spine
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para-spinal muscles
Questão 41
Questão
A motor unit originates from:
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anterior horn cells
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neuromuscular junction
Questão 42
Questão
The inter-peak latency between I-waves is:
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2.0 ms
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1.0 ms
Questão 43
Questão
The lowest spinal level for epidural recordings is:
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T10
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L2
Questão 44
Questão
Bite blocks must be used during motor evoked potential recordings to prevent
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tongue bites
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burns
Questão 45
Questão
When monitoring motor evoked potentials during spinal surgeries, the muscles selected must be ___ to the site of the surgery.
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proximal
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distal
Questão 46
Questão
Motor evoked potentials monitor the integrity of dorsal column pathways.
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True
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False
Questão 47
Questão
Ischemia of anterior spinal artery will result in loss of TCeMEP responses.
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True
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False
Questão 48
Questão
A pulse width of 1000 us is used for TCeMEP stimulation.
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True
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False
Questão 49
Questão
I-waves are epidural responses due to indirect stimulation of spinothalamic pathways.
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True
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False
Questão 50
Questão
Motor evoked potentials are generated from which type of summation?
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Temporal
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Spatial
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