PHSI3011 06-1 Neural Control of Breathing

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PHSI3011 06-1 Neural Control of Breathing
Michael Jardine
Quiz by Michael Jardine, updated more than 1 year ago
Michael Jardine
Created by Michael Jardine about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What’s the major factor that drives breathing?
Answer
  • Blood CO2 level
  • Blood H+ level
  • Blood O2 level
  • Pacemaker-like cells
  • Blood pH
  • Vagal stimulation
  • Vagal inhibition

Question 2

Question
Label the blanks:
Answer
  • Phrenic
  • Vagal
  • Inspiration
  • Expiration

Question 3

Question
The rate and depth of respiration are regulated by: 1 – Inputs to the respiratory centre signalling the Pco2, pH, AND Po2 of the [blank_start]__________[blank_end] blood; 2 – Afferent (sensory) inputs from receptors in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; 3 – Inputs arising from higher centres of the brain, such as the motor cortex.
Answer
  • Arterial
  • Venous
  • Lungs
  • Kidney

Question 4

Question
What's this bit? (responsible for responding to CO2)
Answer
  • RetroTrapezoid Nucleus (RTN)
  • RetroTrapezoid Fibrillary Medulla (RTFM)

Question 5

Question
DRG = ??
Answer
  • Dorsal Root Ganglion
  • Dorsal Respiratory Group
  • “Dickheads are Racists” Group

Question 6

Question
VRG = ??
Answer
  • Ventral Root Ganglion
  • Ventral Respiratory Group
  • “Vickheads are Racists” Group

Question 7

Question
DRG neurons consist [blank_start]__________[blank_end], whereas VRG neurons consist of [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
Answer
  • Mainly of inspiratory neurons
  • Mainly of expiratory neurons
  • Both inspiratory and expiratory neurons

Question 8

Question
Neurons in the pontine “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] centre” [blank_start]__________[blank_end] inspiratory neurons, thus LIMITING inspiration.
Answer
  • Pneumotaxic
  • Apneustic
  • Inhibit
  • Excite

Question 9

Question
Neurons in the pontine “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] centre” [blank_start]__________[blank_end] inspiratory neurons, thus PROMOTING inspiration.
Answer
  • Pneumotaxic
  • Apneustic
  • Inhibit
  • Excite

Question 10

Question
[blank_start]__________[blank_end] is usually a passive process.
Answer
  • Inspiration
  • Expiration

Question 11

Question
Mutations for the Phox2b transcription factor result in Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) which causes an almost complete loss of respiratory response to what?
Answer
  • Increased CO2
  • Exercise
  • Arousal

Question 12

Question
True or false: Phox2b is expressed in the cerebellum.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
True or false: Phox2b is not expressed in neurons above the pons.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
RTN = ??
Answer
  • RetroTrapezoid Nucleus
  • Rostral Trapezoid Nucleus
  • RetroTrapezoid Nerves
  • Rostral Trapezoid Nerves

Question 15

Question
Which of the following is known as the “Hering-Breuer reflex”?
Answer
  • Pulmonary stretch receptors are excited as the lungs inflate > nerve impulses to the respiratory centre in brainstem via nerve fibres in the VAGUS nerve > inhibition of inspiration
  • Pulmonary stretch receptors are excited as the lungs inflate > nerve impulses to the respiratory centre in brainstem via nerve fibres in the PHRENIC nerve > inhibition of inspiration
  • Increase of CO2 is sensed by the central chemoreceptors > excitation of inspiration stimulus by the VAGUS nerve
  • Increase of CO2 is sensed by the central chemoreceptors > excitation of inspiration stimulus by the PHRENIC nerve

Question 16

Question
Central vs Peripheral chemoreceptors. The Central chemoreceptors reside in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end], whereas the Peripheral chemoreceptors reside in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
Answer
  • RTN
  • Carotid body

Question 17

Question
Central vs Peripheral chemoreceptors. The Central chemoreceptors detect [blank_start]__________[blank_end], whereas the Peripheral chemoreceptors detect [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
Answer
  • HIGH CO2
  • LOW C02
  • HIGH O2
  • LOW O2

Question 18

Question
Upon submersion (or irritation stimulus), the nasopharyngeal reflex (aka “diving reflex”) triggers a(n) [blank_start]__________[blank_end] of Sympathetic vasomotor activity, which results in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] TPR. It also triggers a(n) [blank_start]__________[blank_end] in Cardiac vagal activity, which results in a decreased HR and decreased CO. The net effect of this is [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Oxygen conservation.
Answer
  • Increase
  • Decrease
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Increase
  • Decrease
  • Increased
  • Decreased

Question 19

Question
Diving results in:
Answer
  • Bradycardia
  • Tachycardia
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