PHSI3012 09-1 Atherothrombosis

Description

PHSI3012 09-1 Atherothrombosis (T2L7) Outline: - Atherothrombosis and its clinical manifestations - Platelet biology and blood clot development - Antithrombotic strategies to combat atherothrombosis
Michael Jardine
Quiz by Michael Jardine, updated more than 1 year ago
Michael Jardine
Created by Michael Jardine almost 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What’s the most common type of heart disease, and leading cause of death?
Answer
  • Coronary Artery Disease
  • Stroke
  • Death
  • Peripheral Artery Disease
  • Central Artery Disease

Question 2

Question
There are two major categories of stroke. 80% are which one?
Answer
  • Ischaemic
  • Haemorrhagic

Question 3

Question
Platelets are disc-shaped fragments produced by __________.
Answer
  • Megakaryotes
  • Megakaryocytes
  • Minikaryocytes
  • Minikaryotes
  • Spleen
  • Blasts

Question 4

Question
Average platelet count is:
Answer
  • 150,000 – 400,000 / μL
  • 150 – 400 / μL
  • 1,500 – 4,000 / μL
  • 15,000 – 40,000 / μL
  • 150,000 – 40,000 / μL

Question 5

Question
Which of the following are functional responses of platelets?
Answer
  • Primary adhesion
  • Shape change
  • Aggregation
  • Granule release
  • Procoagulant function
  • Anticoagulant function
  • Secondary adhesion
  • Antiapoptotic function
  • Proapoptotic function
  • Carry Oxygen

Question 6

Question
Shape change is a crucial functional response of platelets to …something. They change shape from [blank_start]__________[blank_end] to [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Answer
  • Flat disc
  • Spiny disc
  • Spiny sphere
  • Smooth sphere

Question 7

Question
Which receptor/ligand interactions occur during which bit?
Answer
  • GPIb/V/IX – vWF
  • αIibβ3 – fibronectin, VWF
  • αIibβ3 – fibrinogen, fibronectin
  • GPIb/V/IX – vWF
  • αIibβ3 – fibronectin, VWF
  • αIibβ3 – fibrinogen, fibronectin
  • GPIb/V/IX – vWF
  • αIibβ3 – fibronectin, VWF
  • αIibβ3 – fibrinogen, fibronectin

Question 8

Question
Fibrin generation at the site of vascular injury has a crucial role in anchoring the thrombus to the vessel. It requires initiation of coagulation and generation of thrombin. This depends on Tissue Factor (TF) expression on the surface of [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and fibroblasts.
Answer
  • Smooth Muscle Cells (SMCs)
  • Vascular Endothelial Cells (VECs)
  • Vascular Epithelial Cells (VECs)
  • Skeletal Muscle Cells (SMCs)
  • Cardiac Muscle Cells (CMCs)

Question 9

Question
Platelet-mediated fibrin clot retraction shrinks the size of the blood clot. Thought to be important for stabilising the clot against shear forces of blood flow. This requires:
Answer
  • Integrin αIIbβ3
  • Fibrin
  • Myosin/contractile force
  • Actin cytoskeleton

Question 10

Question
Which of the following are prothrombotic and which are antithrombotic? ADP: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; Aspirin: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; Epinephrine: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; Clopidogrel: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; Collagen: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; Heparin: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; Thrombin: [blank_start]__________[blank_end];
Answer
  • Pro
  • Anti
  • Anti
  • Pro
  • Pro
  • Anti
  • Anti
  • Pro
  • Pro
  • Anti
  • Anti
  • Pro
  • Pro
  • Anti

Question 11

Question
Does Aspirin prevent initial platelet adhesion?
Answer
  • Nope
  • Yeah

Question 12

Question
Does Aspirin prolong skin bleeding time?
Answer
  • Yep
  • Nope

Question 13

Question
What’s the efficacy of Aspirin?
Answer
  • ~5-10%
  • ~15%
  • ~25%
  • ~30-50%
  • ~50-70%
  • ~75%
  • ~85%
  • ~90-95%

Question 14

Question
Does Aspirin inhibit prostacyclin synthesis?
Answer
  • Yep
  • Nope

Question 15

Question
Does Aspirin stimulate prostacyclin synthesis?
Answer
  • Nope
  • Yep

Question 16

Question
Does Aspirin suppress the release of thrombogenic factors from platelets?
Answer
  • Nope
  • Yep

Question 17

Question
Integrin αIibβ3 (GPIIbIIIa) inhibitors are:
Answer
  • Antithrombotic (but can cause severe bleeding)
  • Prothrombotic (but can cause severe bleeding)
  • Antithrombotic (but can't cause severe bleeding)
  • Prothrombotic (but can't cause severe bleeding)

Question 18

Question
Which of the following are CURRENT (not further potential) antithrombotic treatments:
Answer
  • Inhibitors of platelet activation
  • Inhibitors of platelet adhesion
  • PAR antagonists
  • Homeopathy

Question 19

Question
PAR antagonists are under development as a potential novel antithrombotic. What’s PAR?
Answer
  • Protease-Activated Receptor
  • Protease-Antigen Receptor
  • Protease-Antagonist Receptor
  • Protease-Agonist Receptor
  • Protease-Activating Receptor
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