Copy and Edit

Fundamentals Self Assessment - AAO

Description

Ophthalmology Quiz on Fundamentals Self Assessment - AAO, created by David Tirol on 07/01/2018.
David Tirol
Quiz by David Tirol , updated more than 1 year ago
David Tirol
Created by David Tirol over 6 years ago
137
0
0

Resource summary

Question 1

Question
If all the nerves passing through the annulus of Zinn were transected, what nerve would continue to function?
Answer
  • superior division of cranial nerve III
  • cranial nerve IV
  • nasociliary branch of cranial nerve V (V1)
  • optic nerve

Question 2

Question
Which extraocular muscle originates from the annulus of Zinn?
Answer
  • Levator palpebrae superioris
  • Superior oblique
  • Lateral rectus
  • Inferior oblique

Question 3

Question
What is the ratio of optic nerve axons that cross at the optic chiasm to those that do not cross at the optic chiasm?
Answer
  • 67:33
  • 50:50
  • 30:70
  • 53:47

Question 4

Question
A patient presents with left-sided ophthalmoplegia and forehead numbness. The lesion is most likely to be located at the:
Answer
  • Brainstem
  • Cavernous sinus
  • Superior Orbit
  • Intraconal space

Question 5

Question
The first cells to develop in the embryonic retina are the:
Answer
  • Ganglion cells
  • Photoreceptors
  • Amacrine Cells
  • Bipolar cells

Question 6

Question
Which disorder is associated with a non-mitochondrial gene?
Answer
  • Leber hereditary optic neuropathy
  • Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
  • Neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa
  • Retinoblastoma

Question 7

Question
What characteristic of retinoblastoma may facilitate its diagnosis as a familial condition?
Answer
  • It may be associated with chromosome 11 short-arm deletion syndrome and Wilms tumor.
  • It affects approximately 1 per 100,000 live births in the United States.
  • Approximately 90% of patients with hereditary retinoblastoma have a family history of the disease.
  • The hereditary pattern in familial retinoblastoma is autosomal dominant, but the defect is mitochondrial at a cellular level.

Question 8

Question
Mutations in the rhodopsin gene are associated with what inherited ocular disease?
Answer
  • Juvenile Glaucoma
  • Leber Heriditary Optic Neuropathy
  • Retinitis Pigmentosa
  • Stargardt Disease

Question 9

Question
Mitochondrial inheritance is transmitted by what route?
Answer
  • Paternal mitochondria
  • Maternal mitochondria
  • Acquired mitochondria
  • De novo mitochondria

Question 10

Question
Mutations of PAX6 are associated with what disorder?
Answer
  • Aniridia
  • Retinal Coloboma
  • Retinal Hypoplasia
  • Corneal granular dystrophy

Question 11

Question
An unaffected woman has a brother, maternal uncle, and son affected with retinitis pigmentosa. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?
Answer
  • Autosomal dominant
  • X-linked recessive
  • Autosomal recessive
  • sporadric

Question 12

Question
What is the basis for complex genetic diseases?
Answer
  • A single recessive gene
  • X-linked genes
  • A single spontaneous genetic mutation
  • The resultant effect of many genes, in combination with health habits and environmental factors

Question 13

Question
What structure, if inflamed, would be considered a sign of uveitis?
Answer
  • Optic nerve
  • Descemet membrane
  • Choroid
  • Retinal pigment epithelium

Question 14

Question
What pair accurately matches a cell-type origin with the correct tear-layer product?
Answer
  • Goblet cells - Lipid Layer
  • Meibomian Glands - Mucin Layer
  • Glands of Krause - Aqueous layer
  • Glands of Wolfring - Mucin layer

Question 15

Question
What option most accurately describes the immunoglobulin(s) that can be found in the tear film?
Answer
  • IgA only
  • IgA and IgG only
  • IgG and IgM only
  • IgA, IgG, IgM, and IgD

Question 16

Question
What intraocular structure is a true basement membrane (basal lamina)?
Answer
  • Bowman layer
  • Zonule of Zinn
  • Descemet Membrane
  • Anterior border layer of the Iris

Question 17

Question
What is the principal structural protein in the Descemet membrane
Answer
  • Type I collagen
  • Type II collagen
  • Type III collagen
  • Type IV collagen

Question 18

Question
What mechanism holds the flap created during laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in place after surgery?
Answer
  • endothelial - Descemet membrane interaction
  • endothelial pump
  • Bowman layer - stromal adhesions
  • stromal collagen adhesions

Question 19

Question
What property of the retina renders it susceptible to oxidative stress?
Answer
  • high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the photoreceptor outer segments
  • high concentration of carotenoids compared with other intraocular structure
  • presence of Vitamin E
  • absence of retinal vessels in the foveal avascular zone

Question 20

Question
What pigment within the retinal pigment epithelium is responsible for the signal generated in fundus autofluorescence imaging?
Answer
  • melanin
  • lipofuscin
  • rhodopsin
  • lutein

Question 21

Question
The retinal pigment epithelium is the first site of melanogenesis in the body. Ocular melanin has been shown to participate in what process?
Answer
  • Pathogenesis of retinitis pigmentosa
  • Vitamin A metabolism
  • Retinal adhesion
  • Retinal development and neuronal migration

Question 22

Question
Age-related loss of type IX collagen has been implicated in what process related to the vitreous?
Answer
  • vitreous hemorrhage
  • angiogenesis
  • increase diffusion of oxygen from the anterior segment to the posterior segment
  • vitreous liquefaction

Question 23

Question
What vitamin is most critical for the photoreceptor response to light
Answer
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • E

Question 24

Question
In prescribing for elderly patients, what pharmacologic adjustments should be considered?
Answer
  • Hepatic perfusion and enzymatic activity increase with age.
  • Renal function decreases with age.
  • Elderly patients have more albumin relative to weight.
  • Elderly patients have more body water relative to weight

Question 25

Question
What technique or strategy improves the ocular absorption of eyedrops?
Answer
  • Rapid instillation of eyedrops one after the other without interruption
  • Application of digital pressure at the lateral canthus to prevent the eyedrop from escaping
  • Keeping the eye open and rolling the eye around after instillation of each drop
  • Increasing the viscosity of the delivery vehicle

Question 26

Question
Atropine, 1%, has how many milligrams of drug per drop, assuming 20 drops per milliliter?
Answer
  • 1 mg
  • 0.5 mg
  • 0.1 mg
  • 0.05 mg

Question 27

Question
How much epinephrine is present in 1 mL of the 1:10,000 epinephrine solution?
Answer
  • 1 mg of epinephrine
  • same amount of epinephrine as in 1 mL of 0.01% epinephrine
  • same amount of epinephrine as in 1 mL of 1:1000 epinephrine
  • Same amount of epinephrine as in 1 mL of 0.1% epinephrine

Question 28

Question
Direct-acting muscarinic agents (miotics) have what clinical effect?
Answer
  • hyperopic shift in refraction
  • increased range of accomodation
  • central anterior chamber deepening
  • increased night vision

Question 29

Question
What management strategy has been shown to reduce postsurgical endophthalmitis?
Answer
  • preoperative preparation of the eye with topical povidone-iodine
  • intracameral vancomycin
  • intracameral aminoglycosides
  • subconjunctival fluoroquinolones

Question 30

Question
What property of latanoprost may limit its usefulness?
Answer
  • It is a prodrug of prostaglandin E20 .
  • It reduces intraocular pressure by increasing trabecular meshwork outflow
  • It can cause darkening ofthe iris and periocular skin and hypertrichosis ofthe eyelashes
  • It increases the number of melanocytes

Question 31

Question
What systemic side effect may result from treatment with oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
Answer
  • Insomnia
  • Weight gain
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Aplastic anemia

Question 32

Question
What is a clinically important property of brimonidine?
Answer
  • Brimonidine is a selective a 1-adrenergic agonist.
  • Brimonidine is more lipophilic than apraclonidine.
  • Brimonidine has been associated with tachycardia and hyperventilation when used in infants.
  • Rates of tachyphylaxis and allergic reaction are higher in brimonidine than in apraclonidine
Show full summary Hide full summary

Want to create your own Quizzes for free with GoConqr? Learn more.

Similar

Ophthalmic Medical Assistant Practice Test
Dani Geiger
Ophthalmology Tests 3- PMU
Med Student
Ophthalmology Flashcards
Jacky Chou
Ophthalmology: Optic Testing
Charizma Laughton
Common eye disorders
Averil Tam
Small Animal Ophthalmology
E M
Anatomy
Rick Lanuza
Embryology
Rick Lanuza
Physiology
Rick Lanuza
1_Ophthalmology: Optic Testing
Charizma Laughton
OCR Gateway GCSE P3 Revision Quiz
xhallyx
Browse Library