Question 1
Question
Contemplative neuroscience refers to the study of the underlying neurobiology, psychology, and phenomenology of human contemplative experience.
Question 2
Question
Mindfulness is a state, trait, and process.
Question 3
Question
Which of the following are used to measure mindfulness?
Answer
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Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory
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Cognitive, Affective Mindfulness Scale
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Five-facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
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Mindful Attention Awareness Scale
Question 4
Question
When used as an intervention, which mindfulness technique is recommended?
Answer
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8 weekly group classes (26 hours total) and 1 all day intensive class
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45 minutes/day, 6 days/week over 8 weeks (36 hours total)
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Light Hatha yoga throughout 8 weeks
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Trying really hard to think about nothing for at least 5 minutes/day
Question 5
Question
Which of the following are appropriate mindfulness practices for in-home use?
Answer
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Focused Attention (Breath)
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Open Monitoring (Body-scan, Insight)
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Ethical Enhancement (loving kindness, forgiveness)
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Tai Chi (movement)
Question 6
Question
What is the purpose of Mindfulness Medication (or Open Monitoring Meditation)
Answer
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Diffuse attention towards any mental objects that naturally arise
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Sitting in silence and seeing what happens
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Just sit cross-legged on the floor and close your eyes. Something good will happen.
Question 7
Question
When considering mindfulness as a method, the three areas to put into practice are self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence
Question 8
Question
Focused Attention medication includes
Answer
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Breath and Body focus
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Focus on an image
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Focus on a sound
Question 9
Question
Another way of thinking about Open Monitoring meditation is as mental noting and labeling
Question 10
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Ethical Enhancement meditation includes
Answer
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loving kindness, metta, forgiveness, and compassion
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loving kindness, goodness, forgiveness, and active listening
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patience, metta, forgiveness, and deep breathing
Question 11
Question
Meditation practices included movement-based practices such as yoga, tai chi, and qigong
Question 12
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The costs and benefits of self-generated thought are context dependent
Question 13
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Self generated thought under conditions that demand continuous attention is productive because it is associtated with capacities such as creativity, patience, and better cognitive control.
Question 14
Question
Mindfulness leads to self awareness, self regulation and self-transcendence by which neurocognitive mechanisms?
Question 15
Question
Neuroimaging research has shown that mindfulness can lead to decreased activity in brain areas that are responsible for mind-wandering
Question 16
Question
Mindfulness can lead to increased activity and size in brain areas responsible for higher order attentional networks, body awareness, and skill learning
Question 17
Question
The rostral PFC supports mechanisms that enable us to attend either to environmental stimuli or self-generated "thoughts in our head."