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Surgery and Reconstruction for Breast Cancer

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Surgery and reconstruction for breast cancer given on 09/01/2019
Matthew Coulson
Quiz by Matthew Coulson, updated more than 1 year ago
Matthew Coulson
Created by Matthew Coulson almost 6 years ago
14
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
'Lumpectomy' is another term for Breast [blank_start]Conserving[blank_end] Surgery
Answer
  • Conserving

Question 2

Question
Apart from Breast Conserving Surgery, what is the other major type of breast surgery performed by oncoplastic breast surgeons? [blank_start]Mastectomy[blank_end]
Answer
  • Mastectomy

Question 3

Question
Breast Conserving Surgery alone has the same risk of relapse as receiving a Mastectomy.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
[blank_start]Breast Conserving Surgery + Radiotherapy[blank_end] has a similar rate of relapse to Mastectomy, as in after either treatment plan you will have the same risk of the cancer relapsing.
Answer
  • Breast Conserving Surgery + Radiotherapy
  • Breast Conserving Surgery + Chemotherapy
  • Breast Conserving Surgery alone

Question 5

Question
Breast Conserving Surgery is conducted to excise breast masses [blank_start]leaving a clear margin of healthy tissue[blank_end]
Answer
  • leaving a clear margin of healthy tissue
  • by removing the entire breast
  • and all axillary lymph nodes

Question 6

Question
All operations conducted on the breast also include removal of ... for pathology.
Answer
  • All axillary lymph nodes
  • Some, but not all, of the axillary lymph nodes
  • All internal mammary lymph nodes
  • Some, but not all, of the internal mammary lymph nodes

Question 7

Question
Removing all lymph nodes during surgery typically leads to the patient developing which condition years down the line? [blank_start]Lymphoedema[blank_end]
Answer
  • Lymphoedema

Question 8

Question
Breast Conserving Surgery requires that a clear margin of what is considered as healthy tissue to be removed along with the cancer. At least how much of this tissue should be removed to create a clear margin around the excised tumour area?
Answer
  • >1mm
  • >2mm
  • >0.5mm
  • >3mm

Question 9

Question
Currently, what is used to tag impalpable tumours so that surgeons know what they are aiming to remove during an operation?
Answer
  • A metal wire
  • Gamma-sensitive tags
  • Fluorescent biomarkers

Question 10

Question
Which of the following adjuvant treatments is most effective in combination with chemotherapy/radiotherapy when treating breast cancer?
Answer
  • Herceptin (Trastuzumab)
  • Tamoxifen
  • Mifepristone

Question 11

Question
Mifepristone - [blank_start]Progesterone Receptor Antagonist[blank_end] Tamoxifen - [blank_start]Oestrogen Receptor Antagonist[blank_end] Herceptin (Trastuzumab) - [blank_start]HER2 Receptor Antagonist[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oestrogen Receptor Antagonist
  • Progesterone Receptor Antagonist
  • HER2 Receptor Antagonist
  • LH Receptor Antagonist

Question 12

Question
Which aromatase inhibitor is first line in the treatment of hormonally-responsive breast cancer specifically in postmenopausal women? [blank_start]Letrozole[blank_end]
Answer
  • Letrozole

Question 13

Question
Aromatase is the enzyme that catalyzes a key aromatization step in the synthesis of which key hormone? [blank_start]Oestrogen[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oestrogen

Question 14

Question
If a large area of breast is being removed from one side of the body, an oncoplastic surgeon will typically (with patient's permission) attempt to reconstruct the other breast as well so that the woman's breasts are as symmetrical as possible.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
Removal of all breast tissue surgically is known as a [blank_start]mastectomy[blank_end]
Answer
  • mastectomy

Question 16

Question
Mastectomy with breast reconstruction often involves taking 'free flaps' which are areas of tissue taken from areas of excess elsewhere on the body. Which two of the following sites are common sites to be utilised for 'free flap' reconstruction?
Answer
  • Abdomen
  • Buttocks
  • Inner thigh
  • Calf
  • Upper middle back

Question 17

Question
Which muscle of the upper body is sometimes repositioned in order to mimic a breast? [blank_start]Latissimus Dorsi[blank_end]
Answer
  • Latissimus Dorsi

Question 18

Question
1 in 4 implants used in reconstructive surgery are lost due to which of the following?
Answer
  • Infection
  • Movement of implant away from breast
  • Disintegration of implant
  • Relapsing breast cancer

Question 19

Question
Which type of cancer is loosely associated with breast implants?
Answer
  • Lymphoma
  • Lipoma
  • Papilloma
  • Fibroadenoma
  • Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)

Question 20

Question
Which type of breast reconstruction surgery is most popular following a mastectomy?
Answer
  • Implant Based
  • Autologous (Free flap, TRAM, etc)

Question 21

Question
Once implants are inserted following a mastectomy, they tend to be fixed in place and thus do not require revisional surgeries as the woman ages.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Which artery is connected to the umbilical skin when it is used as a graft for reconstructive surgery? The [blank_start]internal mammary[blank_end] artery
Answer
  • internal mammary

Question 23

Question
The [blank_start]inferior[blank_end] gluteal fold can also be used as a graft for breast reconstruction surgery.
Answer
  • inferior
  • superior
  • medial
  • lateral

Question 24

Question
The first axillary nodes to be drained by a cancer must be surgery removed upon any form of breast cancer surgery. These lymph nodes are known as the [blank_start]sentinel[blank_end] lymph nodes
Answer
  • sentinel

Question 25

Question
Axillary node clearance is mandatory for all breast cancer surgeries so that staging of the cancer can be conducted.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Are the internal mammary lymph nodes commonly operated upon during breast surgeries?
Answer
  • Yes
  • No

Question 27

Question
Creating bigger margins when excising breast cancers means that the patient is more less likely to have a recurrence of their breast cancer.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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