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Ultrasound Physics

Description

Quiz on Ultrasound Physics, created by genevieve_f94 on 23/09/2013.
genevieve_f94
Quiz by genevieve_f94, updated more than 1 year ago
genevieve_f94
Created by genevieve_f94 about 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the term for an area of the image where there is no returning echoes (black)
Answer
  • hypoechoic
  • anechoic
  • echogenic

Question 2

Question
What are the advantages of ultrasound?
Answer
  • Good soft tissue information, real time, no ionising radiation and accurate measure of structures
  • Can carry out blood studies, relatively quick and cost effective, highly operator dependant, image interpretation
  • Can carry out blood studies, ionising radiation, real time and accurate measure of structures
  • Highly operator dependant, accurate measure of structures, image interpretation, highly operator dependant

Question 3

Question
True or False. The frequency of ultrasound is below the human hearing?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
What frequency range is used for ultrasound?
Answer
  • 20-20,000Hz
  • 1-20MHz
  • 20-40MHz
  • 1-20Hz

Question 5

Question
What are the four basic components of ultrasound equipment?
Answer
  • Transducer, monitor for display, housing with electronics and controls, coupling gel
  • Transducer, timing device, housing with electronics and controls, recording device
  • Transducer, monitor for display, housing with electronics and controls, recording device
  • Transducer, timing device, housing with electronics and controls, coupling gel

Question 6

Question
When was the piezoelectric effect discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie?
Answer
  • 1980
  • 1950
  • 1850
  • 1880

Question 7

Question
Name the two basic waves by which energy can be transmitted from one point to another
Answer
  • electromagnetic and mechanical waves
  • sound and mechanical waves

Question 8

Question
True or False? Light and X-rays are electromagnetic waves
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
What are mechanical waves described as?
Answer
  • propagation of energy through a medium by cyclic pressure variations
  • distinguished by energy, frequency and wavelength
  • Man-made forces changing the frequency of the wave
  • similar to ocean waves

Question 10

Question
Which of the following deformable elastic mediums can be used for propagation?
Answer
  • Air
  • Water
  • Soft tissue
  • All of the above

Question 11

Question
What is the frequency of a wave?
Answer
  • The difference between maximum value and equilibrium value
  • Length of one cycle
  • The number of cycles that occur per second
  • The speed of the soundwave as it passes through the tissue

Question 12

Question
True or false? With heavier molecules the sound transmits with faster velocity
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
True or False? With more compressable materials (eg air) the sound transmits at a lower velocity
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
What part of the beam affects the strength of the echo?
Answer
  • intensity
  • transducer
  • shadowing
  • placement

Question 15

Question
What is the change in direction of an ultrasound beam when it crosses a boundary at an angle?
Answer
  • Rarefraction
  • Attenuation
  • Beam angling
  • Focusing

Question 16

Question
What do the attenuation processes include?
Answer
  • absorption
  • Divergence
  • Scattering
  • Reflection

Question 17

Question
Which of the following has the lowest attenuation coefficient?
Answer
  • Blood
  • Lung
  • Soft Tissue
  • Brain

Question 18

Question
Absorption
Answer
  • Is a result of internal friction forces
  • Is when ultrasound energy is converted into heat
  • Is the change of direction the beam takes when passing through different structures
  • Directly removes energy from the beam

Question 19

Question
True or false? Beam divergence cannot occur after refraction of a curved surface
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
What is Rayleigh scattering?
Answer
  • When the interface the beam hits is
  • When the interface the beam hits is >1 wavelength, scattering occurs equally in two directions
  • When the interface the beam hits is >1 wavelength, scattering occurs equally in all directions

Question 21

Question
Why is scatter a disadvantage?
Answer
  • only a small portion of the beam returns to the transducer
  • It creates radiation dose to the patient
  • scattered waves interact with each other to form back scatter patterns
  • Mentally affects the operator

Question 22

Question
Which kind of reflection occurs when a soundwave strikes a large smooth surface?
Answer
  • non-specular
  • diffuse
  • specular
  • acoustic

Question 23

Question
What is acoustic impedance a product of?
Answer
  • the material's density and velocity of ultrasound in the material
  • the ultrasound's density and the velocity of the material
  • the weight of the transducer and the velocity of ultrasound in the material
  • the interface beam angle and the material density

Question 24

Question
True or False? Far gain is the amount of gain applied to the distant echoes
Answer
  • True
  • False
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