Cellular Adaptations & Necrosis

Description

Medicine Quiz on Cellular Adaptations & Necrosis, created by Trey W on 18/07/2020.
Trey W
Quiz by Trey W, updated more than 1 year ago
Trey W
Created by Trey W over 4 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following is not a pattern of cell death in tissues?
Answer
  • fibrinoid necrosis
  • fat necrosis
  • coagulative necrosis
  • contracture necrosis

Question 2

Question
Compare acute cell injury with cellular adaptations.
Answer
  • Cellular adaptations develop over a brief period of time and are reversible
  • Acute cell injury can be manifested as reversible cell swelling
  • Acute cell injury can be manifested as irreversible necrosis

Question 3

Question
What is lipofuscin?
Answer
  • Blue-pigmented cytoplasmic inclusions in stressed cells
  • A lipid-containing residual body of autophagy
  • An irreversible "wear and tear" pigment
  • A product of cells undergoing decreased cell turnover

Question 4

Question
Metatstatic calcification is due to precipitation of calcium at sites of cell/tissue injury
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
Which of the following mechanisms explains the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced fatty liver?
Answer
  • Increased delivery of free fatty acids
  • Increased lipogenesis
  • Decreased apoprotein synthesis for triglyceride export
  • Increased utilization of triglycerides and oxidation of fatty acids

Question 6

Question
Metaplasia can be characterized by which of the following?
Answer
  • One adult cell type being replaced by another through chronic injury
  • Irreversible change in cells/tissue
  • Decreased risk of malignancy/neoplasia
  • Increase in cell number

Question 7

Question
Which is an example of physiologic apoptosis?
Answer
  • Formation of the esophageal lumen
  • Syndactyly
  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Question 8

Question
Apoptosis can result from endogenous OR exogenous causes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
In a Masson Trichrome stain
Answer
  • Nucleic acids stain dark blue
  • Connective tissue stains blue
  • Proteins stain light purple

Question 10

Question
Which of the following would you expect to see in necrosis?
Answer
  • A rounded up, fragmented cell morphology
  • Phagocytosis by neutrophils
  • Phagocytosis by macrophages and nonprofessional macrophages
  • Functionally intact cell membrane

Question 11

Question
You are examining the tissue of a patient who had a subarachnoid hemorrhage. When looking at the brain tissue microscopically, what would you expect to observe in the area of hemorrhage?
Answer
  • Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
  • Hemosiderosis
  • Steatosis
  • Anthracosis

Question 12

Question
At what point in cell injury would you expect to observe hydropic change of the cell?
Answer
  • < 10 minutes
  • 10-15 minutes
  • 15-60 minutes
  • 4-8 hours

Question 13

Question
You know that irreversible cell injury is often characterized by nuclear changes. Which of the nuclear changes describes pyknosis?
Answer
  • Fragmentation of the nucleus into dense basophilic fragments ("nuclear debris")
  • Dissolution of nuclear fragments
  • Condensation of chromatin
  • Dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 14

Question
In coagulative necrosis, the shapes of cells and tissues change dramatically, but the nuclei/organelles are intact.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
Where would you expect to see liquefactive necrosis most often?
Answer
  • Brain
  • Lungs
  • Abscesses
  • GI tract

Question 16

Question
Your patient's cells and tissues demonstrate obvious enzymatic necrosis. You immediately know the condition that (likely) caused this is:
Answer
  • COVID
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Hypercalcemia

Question 17

Question
What is the most common cause of caseous necrosis?
Answer
  • Dry gangrene
  • Wet gangrene
  • Mycobacteria tuberculosis
  • Eating too much cottage cheese

Question 18

Question
Fibrinoid necrosis is caused by injury to vessel walls that causes leakage of protein and fibrin from the circulation that becomes entrapped. Which vascular injury might cause this type of necrosis?
Answer
  • Immune-complex associated vasculitis
  • Accelerated HTN
  • HTN that has slowly developed over 20 years
  • Excessive scarring

Question 19

Question
What is a heterophagosome?
Answer
  • A secondary lysosome involved in digestion of a cell's own organelles
  • A primary lysosome fused with absorptive vesicles originating from the plasma membrane
  • A small vesicle budding from enzymes on the lateral side of the Golgi apparatus

Question 20

Question
In your elective oncology rotation, a patient presents with multiple calcified breast tumors. You know this to be a result of metastatic calcification.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Upon histological examination, tissue cells demonstrate what looks like "nuclear dust". This is characteristic of
Answer
  • karyorrhexis
  • karyolysis
  • karyogram
  • pyknosis

Question 22

Question
In response to [blank_start]cigarette smoke[blank_end], columnar epithelial cells of the bronchial epithelium undergo squamous [blank_start]metaplasia[blank_end]. Smoking-induced metaplasia may lead to bronchial squamous cell [blank_start]neoplasia[blank_end].
Answer
  • cigarette smoke
  • sitting for 12 hours/day
  • drinking too much water
  • pulmonary HTN
  • metaplasia
  • hyperplasia
  • neoplasia
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