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Acute/Chronic Inflammation + Hemodynamics/Thrombosis

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Medicine Quiz on Acute/Chronic Inflammation + Hemodynamics/Thrombosis, created by Trey W on 19/07/2020.
Trey W
Quiz by Trey W, updated more than 1 year ago
Trey W
Created by Trey W over 4 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following is not a sign of acute inflammation?
Answer
  • Pain
  • Functio Laesa
  • Swelling
  • Erythema
  • Warmth
  • Angiogenesis

Question 2

Question
List the main components of the 1st (vascular) phase of acute inflammation.
Answer
  • Vascular dilation --> smooth muscle relaxation --> endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability
  • Smooth muscle relaxation --> vascular dilation --> endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability
  • Endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability --> vascular dilation --> smooth muscle relaxation
  • Endothelial cell contraction --> increase in vascular permeability --> smooth muscle relaxation --> vascular dilation

Question 3

Question
Bradykinin has effects similar to histamine, but these effects become evident later in the inflammation process.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
Your patient has been bitten by a venomous snake. You would expect activation of the complement cascade through which pathway?
Answer
  • Classical pathway
  • Alternative pathway
  • Lectin pathway
  • Complement pathway

Question 5

Question
Nitric oxide, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines and PAF are all examples of
Answer
  • Plasma-derived mediators of inflammation
  • Cell-derived mediators of inflammation
  • Complement-derived mediators of inflammation
  • Lymphocyte-derived mediators of inflammation

Question 6

Question
The process by which leukocytes are marginalized and become attached to the endothelium of vessels is called
Answer
  • Margination
  • Pavementing
  • Exudation
  • Diapedesis

Question 7

Question
IL-1 and TNF are the primary endogenous pyrogens released from leukocytes or macrophages
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
Which major cell types would you expect to see in the 3rd (organization) stage of wound healing and repair?
Answer
  • Activated macrophages
  • Endothelial cells
  • Fibroblasts
  • Polymorphonuclear neutrophils

Question 9

Question
Wound healing by first/primary intention includes: formation of a scab, scavenger action of PMNs, formation of granulation tissue, and scarring.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
With persistent injury that leads to chronic inflammation,
Answer
  • the symptoms are prominent
  • CT proliferation occurs as inflammation subsides
  • Exudate is comprised of neutrophils
  • Exudate is comprised of lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 11

Question
A patient's kidney was affected by inflammation for 2-3 months. What type of cells would you expect to see in the tissue?
Answer
  • Lymphocytes
  • Macrophages
  • Fibroblastic scarring
  • Plasma cells

Question 12

Question
You are observing tissue slides and see many multinucleated giant cells. What underlying reaction/inflammation probably caused this?
Answer
  • Granulomatous
  • Ulcerative
  • Pseudomembranous
  • Acute

Question 13

Question
Which of the following chemotaxins are endogenous?
Answer
  • Necrotic cells
  • Fibrinopeptides
  • Lipopolysaccharide
  • IL-8
  • LTB4

Question 14

Question
Under ____ conditions, phagocytosis involves a respiratory burst and killing by way of free radicals. This form of phagocytosis _____ contained within the cell.
Answer
  • anaerobic; is
  • anaerobic; is not
  • aerobic; is
  • aerobic; is not

Question 15

Question
Macrophages appear at the site of inflammation 3-4 days after onset of infection/trauma and are typically present in chronic inflammation.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
Which of the following pathologies are characterized by serous inflammation, the mildest form of inflammation?
Answer
  • Purulent tracheobronchitis
  • Peptic ulcer
  • 2nd degree burn
  • Strep throat

Question 17

Question
Which of the following complication(s) are associated with granulomas?
Answer
  • Bleeding from eroded blood vessels into cavities
  • Fibrosis
  • Chronic persistence
  • Pseudomembranous inflammation

Question 18

Question
Which of the following cell types do not divide regularly, but can be stimulated to divide if necessary?
Answer
  • Stable cells
  • Labile cells
  • Permanent cells
  • Mitotic cells

Question 19

Question
Which of the following is not a factor that can significantly delay wound healing?
Answer
  • Site of the wound
  • Mechanical factors
  • Age
  • Nurtritional factors
  • Vitamin C intake

Question 20

Question
You observe the following signs in your patient: leukocytosis, fever, increased CRP and increased ESR. What causes the increase in hepatic synthesis of CRP?
Answer
  • Cytokines, mainly IL-6 and IL-1.
  • Cytokines, mainly IL-8
  • PGE1 and IL-1
  • Insulin synthesis

Question 21

Question
In early wound organization of granulation tissue you would likely see
Answer
  • Proliferation of fibroblasts
  • Dense collagen sclerosis
  • Neovascularization
  • Fibronectin synthesis

Question 22

Question
Albumin, synthesized by the liver and pancreas, is the major protein generating vascular oncotic pressure.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Non-inflammatory edema is characterized by
Answer
  • Increased endothelial permeability
  • Transudate
  • Exudate
  • Increased colloid osmotic pressure

Question 24

Question
Which of the below options are clinical examples of edema?
Answer
  • Cirrhosis of the liver
  • CHF
  • Nephrotic syndrome
  • Lymphatic obstruction

Question 25

Question
Blushing of the cheeks is an example of passive hyperemia.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
A "nutmeg" liver is the result of
Answer
  • hepatic congestion due to left heart failure
  • one too many "cinnamon challenges"
  • hepatic congestion due to right heart failure
  • hepatic steatosis

Question 27

Question
Factors increasing one's risk for hemorrhage include:
Answer
  • severe increase in platelets
  • coagulation factor deficiency
  • capillary fragility
  • platelet dysfunction

Question 28

Question
Metrorrhagia is defined as profound menstrual bleeding and is considered a form of hemorrhage.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
Arterial rupture is often due to weakening of the vessel walls and venous rupture is often due to injury.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 30

Question
A 65-year-old female alcoholic is found to have sever liver cirrhosis and facial edema. Which of the following directly contributes to this form of edema?
Answer
  • Decreased lymphatic flow
  • Decreased oncotic pressure
  • Increased venous pressure
  • Decreased arterial pressure

Question 31

Question
Which of the following substances provides a framework for a clot?
Answer
  • Thrombin
  • RBCs
  • Plasmin
  • Fibrin

Question 32

Question
A healthcare worker develops a small thrombus in their lower leg. What is the most likely fate of the thrombus?
Answer
  • Embolize to the heart
  • Lysis and resolution
  • Embolize to the lungs
  • Organization and extension

Question 33

Question
A 70-year-old male has a hard time catching his breath and has a dry cough that worsens at night. Diffuse pulmonary edema is noted. The cause of this patient's edema is right-sided heart failure.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
Twin brothers present to your ED with acute conditions; one with volvulus and one with testicular torsion. With respect to the damaged tissues, you would expect to see a RED infarct in these cases.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 35

Question
You are a pathology PA are looking at an area of tissue that looks to be consistent with a pale/white infarct that is mottled. Which of the following injuries/mechanisms could explain this?
Answer
  • Pulmonary infarction that is now receiving blood from bronchial arteries
  • Hepatic infarction perfused by collateral vessels after a few days
  • Myocardial infarction perfused by collateral vessels after a few days
  • This description is highly unlikely

Question 36

Question
A patient, known to be in shock, is hypotensive, acidotic, and has oliguria. What stage of shock is the patient probably in?
Answer
  • Compensated
  • Decompensated
  • Irreversible
  • Cardiogenic

Question 37

Question
A paradoxical embolus is a venous embolus that travels to the arterial circulation via the foramen ovale or interventricular septal defect.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
Intravascular coagulation is the result of the interaction of which factors?
Answer
  • Coagulation proteins
  • Hemodynamic changes
  • Platelets
  • Endothelial cells

Question 39

Question
Virchow's triad comprises the three predisposing conditions for pathologic thrombi including: endothelial cell injury, hypocoagulability of the blood and hemodynamic changes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
Alternating bands of RBCs and platelets/fibrin, also known as Lines of Zahn, appear in venous clots due to the dynamic nature of blood flow.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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