Copy and Edit

L4 Structure of Prokaryotes

Description

Objectives: describe the basic function of the components found in prokaryotes and the unique features found only in prokaryotes, and identify the key characteristcs that distinguish Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Mer Scott
Quiz by Mer Scott, updated more than 1 year ago
Mer Scott
Created by Mer Scott almost 8 years ago
19
2
0

Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which statement about bacterial structure is INCORRECT?
Answer
  • Bacteria have cell walls.
  • Bacteria have a nucleus.
  • Bacteria can have flagella for motility.
  • Bacteria have ribosomes.

Question 2

Question
Select the INCORRECT statement about peptidoglycan.
Answer
  • Peptidoglycan is the target of antibiotics.
  • Only bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan.
  • All bacterial cells have an equal amount of peptidoglycan in their cell wall.

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is statements about the bacterial cell wall is NOT correct?
Answer
  • It is a rigid macromolecular layer which provides strength to the cell.
  • It confers cell shape and protects cell from lysing via osmosis.
  • It has pores to allow transport of macromolecules.

Question 4

Question
Gram-positive bacteria have a [blank_start]simple, thick[blank_end] layer of peptidoglycan as their cell wall, which retains the [blank_start]crystal violet[blank_end] Gram stain even when washed with alcohol. Gram-negative bacteria have a [blank_start]complex[blank_end] cell wall with a [blank_start]thin[blank_end] layer of peptidoglycan, therefore the gram stain can be washed out with alcohol and the [blank_start]safranin[blank_end] dyes the cells [blank_start]pink[blank_end].
Answer
  • simple, thick
  • complex, thin
  • crystal violet
  • safranin (pink)
  • complex
  • simple
  • thin
  • thick
  • safranin
  • gram stain
  • pink
  • orange

Question 5

Question
Choose the INCORRECT statement about bacterial flagella.
Answer
  • Flagella act as a propeller.
  • Flagella have 3 structures: the long filament, the flexible 'hook', and the rigid basal body.
  • The 'running' motion of bacteria is due to the clockwise rotation of the flagella.
  • Flagella give bacteria motility and allow them to move at high speeds, and change direction.

Question 6

Question
Which statements about bacterial movement are true?
Answer
  • Bacteria rotate the flagellum CCW to 'run' and CW to stop and rotate/turn.
  • Random movement promotes a higher chance of finding nutrients.
  • Bacteria only exhibit positive chemotaxis.
  • Bacteria are too small to sense a spatial gradient, and must detect gradients by moving over time (temporal gradient).

Question 7

Question
Which of the following statements about bacterial fimbriae/pili are CORRECT?
Answer
  • They allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces.
  • They play a role in bacterial motility.
  • Fimbriae/pili have proteins called adhesins which bind to specific receptors on cell surfaces.
  • All bacteria have fimbriae/pili.

Question 8

Question
Which statement about bacterial capsid layers are INCORRECT?
Answer
  • All capsid layers are made of glycocalyx, which forms a sticky mesh of fibres.
  • If the layer is disorganised and loosely attached to the cell wall, it is called a slime layer.
  • If the layer is organised and firmly attached to the cell wall, it is called a capsule.
  • Capsules can provide nutrients, protection from antibodies, and prevent cell desiccation.
  • Gram-negative bacteria do not have capsules.

Question 9

Question
Which of these statements about endospores are CORRECT?
Answer
  • Endospores are very heat resistant, but not very chemical resistant.
  • Only some gram-positive bacteria can produce endospores.
  • The trigger for making endospores is a certain stage of the bacteria's life cycle.
  • Endospores can last up to 50 million years in their dormant state.

Question 10

Question
Which of these is NOT a type of endospore?
Answer
  • Terminal
  • Sub-terminal
  • Central
  • Sub-central

Question 11

Question
Which of these is NOT a specific property of endospores?
Answer
  • Low water content
  • High Ca2+ concentration
  • Many layers not present in the typical vegetative cell
  • Low metabolic activity
  • No diplicolinic acid

Question 12

Question
Prokaryotic cells are [blank_start]small and unicellular[blank_end]. They have [blank_start]no[blank_end] endomembrane system [blank_start]or[blank_end] cytoskeleton, their DNA is [blank_start]circular[blank_end], and they reproduce via [blank_start]binary fission[blank_end]. Eukaryotic cells are larger and often multicellular. They have [blank_start]an[blank_end] endomembrane system (e.g. nucleus, ER, Golgi, etc) and a cytoskeleton. Their DNA is [blank_start]linear[blank_end] and they reproduce via meiosis and mitosis.
Answer
  • small and unicellular
  • no
  • an
  • or
  • and
  • circular
  • linear
  • binary fission
Show full summary Hide full summary

Want to create your own Quizzes for free with GoConqr? Learn more.

Similar

Circulatory System
bridget.watts97
MR BRYANT AMERICAN NATION FINAL FLASHCARDS
grantwilliammaxe
A2 Geography- Energy Security
sophielee0909
Cognitive Psychology - Loftus and Palmer (1974)
Robyn Chamberlain
Themes in Lord of the Flies
lowri_luxton
Cold War in Asia- Philippines, China and Korea
hannah_
Geography - Case Studies
jacobhatcher97
F211- Module 1 Cells, exchange and transport
eilish.waite
AQA Biology B2 Unit 2.1 - Cells Tissues and Organs
BeccaElaine
untitled 2
lola_smily
DNA Replication
Laura Badger
Browse Library