key terms organ. chap. 10

Question	Answer
group	set of two or more people who interact with wach other to achieve certain goals
group goal	goal that all or most members of a group can agree on as a common goal
formal work group	group established by management to help organisation achieve its goals
informal work group	group that emerges naturally when individuals perceive that membership in a group will help them achieve their goals
command group	formal work group consisting of subordinates who report to same supervisor
task force	formal work group consisting of people who come together to accomplish a specific goal
team	formal work group of people who work intensely together to achieve a common group goal
slef-managed work team	formal work group of people who are jointly responsible for ensuring that the team accomplishes its goals and who lead themselves
friendship group	informal work group of people who enjoy each other´s company and socialise with each other on and off the job
interest group	informal work group of people who come together because they have a common goal related to their organisational membership
division of labour	dividing up work and assigning part. tasks to specific workers
homogeneous group	members have many characteristics in common
heterogeneous group	members have few characteristics in common
group function	work a group performs as its contribution to accomplishing organisational goals
group status	implicitly agreed upon perceived importance for the organisation as a whole of what the group does
group efficacy	shared belief members have about the ability of the group to achieve its goals
social facilitation	effects that presence of others has on performance enhancing performance of easy tasks impairing performance of difficult tasks
role relationships	ways in which group and organisational members interact with one another to perform their specific roles
role making	taking initiative to create a role by assuming responsibilities that are not part of assigned role
role taking	performing responsibilities required as part of assigned role
group norms	informal rules of conduct for behaviours considered important by most group members
compliance	assenting to a rule in order to attain rewards or avoid punishment
identification	associating oneself with supporters of a norm and conforming to the norm because those individuals do
internalisation	believing that the behaviour dictated by the norm is truly the right and proper way to behave
idiosyncrasy credit	freedom to violate group norms without being punished that is accorded to group members who have contributed a lot to the group in the past
deviance	deviation from the norm
socialisation	process by which newcomers learn the roles, rules, and norms of a group
role orientation	characteristic way in which members of a group respond to various situations
institutionalised role orientation	role orientation in which newcomers are taught to respond to situations in the same way as existing group members
individualised role orientation	role orientation in which newcomers are taught that it is acceptable and desirable to be creative and to experiment which changing how the group does things

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key terms organ. chap. 10

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