13546046
Beschreibung
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Becker Et Al (2002)
- ABOUT
- AIM
- To find out if the introduction of
Western TV into a community that has
not previously experienced it would lead
to an increase in unhealthy eating
behaviour
- To find out if the introduction of
Western TV into a community that has
not previously experienced it would lead
to an increase in unhealthy eating
behaviour
- DESIGN
- An Independent
Groups design, since
it studies two
different groups of
Fijian girls
- An Independent
Groups design, since
it studies two
different groups of
Fijian girls
- IV
- Television habits in 1995 and 1998
- Television habits in 1995 and 1998
- DV
- Eating habits and attitudes
towards eating
- Eating habits and attitudes
towards eating
- SAMPLE
- Two groups of Fijian schoolgirls in Years 5-7 (equivalent to
Y11-13 in the UK), all around age 17 on average. There were 63
participants in 1995 and 65 in 1998.
- Two groups of Fijian schoolgirls in Years 5-7 (equivalent to
Y11-13 in the UK), all around age 17 on average. There were 63
participants in 1995 and 65 in 1998.
- AIM
- PROCEDURE
- The schoolgirls completed the
EAT-26 questionnaire.
- The girls also
received a
semi-structured
interview.
- Both groups also answered questions on television in their home
and measures of height and weight were taken.
- Both groups also answered questions on television in their home
and measures of height and weight were taken.
- The 1998 group were also asked more detailed
questions
- Such as, "do parents or family ever say
you should eat more?"
- Such as, "do parents or family ever say
you should eat more?"
- 30 girls were chosen from the 1998 sample
because they scored higher than 20 on EAT-26.
- They were interviewed in detail about their eating
behaviours and attitudes, their TV viewing habits and
their opinions on “American TV”. The interviews were
recorded and transcribed (typed).
- They were interviewed in detail about their eating
behaviours and attitudes, their TV viewing habits and
their opinions on “American TV”. The interviews were
recorded and transcribed (typed).
- The schoolgirls completed the
EAT-26 questionnaire.
- RESULTS
- The girls’ actual weight didn’t vary much between the
two cohorts. BMI (Body Mass Index) was average 24.5 in
1995 and 24.9 in 1998.
- TV viewing increased: 41% came from a household with a
television in 1995 compared to 71% in 1998.
- The important difference was that only 12.7% reported an EAT-26
score over 20 in 1995, compared to 29.2% in 1998.
- None of the girls reported using purging (induced
vomiting) to control weight in 1995, but 11.3%
reported this in 1998.
- The girls’ actual weight didn’t vary much between the
two cohorts. BMI (Body Mass Index) was average 24.5 in
1995 and 24.9 in 1998.
- CONCLUSION
- The characters on Western TV shows act as role
models for Fijian girls. The girls feel pressure to
imitate the slim appearances of actors and models,
even if this means going against the Fijian culture
that traditionally emphasises a fuller and more
muscular figure.
- The characters on Western TV shows act as role
models for Fijian girls. The girls feel pressure to
imitate the slim appearances of actors and models,
even if this means going against the Fijian culture
that traditionally emphasises a fuller and more
muscular figure.
- EVALUATION
- GENERALISABILITY
- the results may be culture specific, meaning the
same results may not be obtained in other
countries
- the results may be culture specific, meaning the
same results may not be obtained in other
countries
- RELIABILITY
- It is reliable because it has
standardised procedures and it was
carefully documented.
- Becker's interviews were
tape-recorded and transcribed so
other researchers can read over what
the girls said; this is inter-rater
reliability.
- It is reliable because it has
standardised procedures and it was
carefully documented.
- APPLICATION
- Highlights the fact that we have to be aware of
how men and women are presented on TV and in
the media due to the effect it has
- Highlights the fact that we have to be aware of
how men and women are presented on TV and in
the media due to the effect it has
- VALIDITY
- High ecological validity as it was a natural
experiment
- High ecological validity as it was a natural
experiment
- ETHICS
- Becker's interviews might have provoked conflict between the girls and
the older generation, by drawing attention to differences in their
aspirations and outlooks
- Becker's interviews might have provoked conflict between the girls and
the older generation, by drawing attention to differences in their
aspirations and outlooks
- GENERALISABILITY
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