Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Cohesion & Conformity
- Conformity
- Theories
- Groupthink (Janis 1982)
- group makes bad decision
- 'Rsky-shift' (Stoner 1961)
- unanimous group decision
show shift toward greater risk
- Informational Social Influence
- "when we do not know, we copy" (Sherif 1936)
- Normative Social Influence
- "willingness to follow norms to fit in" (Asch 1956)
- Social Impact Theory (Latane 1981)
- predicts degree of influence upon individual
- Bystander Effect (Darley & Latane 1968)
- copy actions of others
- Symbolic Convergence Theory
- agree with people who have same values as us
- Pros & Cons
- enhance trust
- likely to conform
- bad decision-making
- lower productivity
- effective communication
- lack creativity, innovation
- increase or decrease cohesion by:
- changing goals
- membership composition
- interactions
- size
- rewards
- competition
- location
- duration
- higher when members have similar background
- more cohesive, more conformity
- positive relationships
- increases when groups are physically isolated