PHSI3011 05-2 Maintenance of Bone Health

If Resorption < Formation:

Which of the following are bone mass determinants:

Sclerostin is released by which of the following?

Sclerostin __________ Wnt signalling in Osteoblasts/Osteocytes

With deformity of bone (on loading), sclerostin secretion:

SOST = ??

Obligatory urine Calcium loss is [blank_start]__________[blank_end] mg/d (although [blank_start]__________[blank_end] after menopause).

Recommended daily allowance for calcium changes according to age, but broadly mostly around:

Vitamin D [blank_start]__________[blank_end] gut Calcium absorption:

A non-Calcium-rich diet will usually have approximately [blank_start]__________[blank_end] mg/d Calcium. This is [blank_start]__________[blank_end]% of recommended intake.

True or false: Exposure to the sun is [normally] our main source of Vitamin D.

True or false: Diet is [normally] our main source of Vitamin D.

What’s the recommended daily intake of Vitamin D?

Which of the following accelerates Vitamin D degradation?

Which of the following groups are commonly associated with increased risk of Vitamin D deficiency?

In a study of 100 office workers in Sydney, sunscreen users had [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Vitamin D levels compared to non-users.

How does Vitamin D help bone health?

Vitamin D deficiency leads to increased bone turnover. Severe Vitamin D deficiency leads [primarily] to?

Adequate levels of [blank_start]__________[blank_end] are needed to maximise Calcium absorption and [blank_start]__________[blank_end] ParaThyroid Hormone (PTH).

25OHD = ??

Severe CALCIUM deficiency can lead to:

Severe VITAMIN D deficiency can lead to Osteomalacia/Rickets. Are they the same thing?

Which of the following helps to maintain normal balance between bone formation and resorption:

True or False: Oestrogens help to keep bone cells alive.

True or False: Androgens help to keep bone cells alive.

True or false: Anorexia leads to weak bones solely through nutrient deficiency.

Glucocorticoids (Cortisone etc) are catabolic at pharmacologic doses. Where does each manifestation occur? ↓ Calcium absorption in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; ↑ Calcium losses in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; ↓ IGF-1 in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end];

Protein intake helps:

If a diet contains inadequate Calcium to replace urinary losses, what happens?