Question 1
Question
[blank_start]__________[blank_end] serum Calcium – sensed by Calcium-sensing Receptor (CaR) in the [blank_start]__________[blank_end] triggers release of PTH.
Answer
-
Decreased
-
Increased
-
ParaThyroid Gland
-
Hypothalamus
-
Thyroid Gland
Question 2
Question
In response to decreased serum Calcium, PTH is released and goes to which of the following?
Answer
-
Kidney
-
Bone
-
Gut
-
Muscle
-
Liver
Question 3
Question
In the kidney, what PTH has 3 effects. These are:
a: [blank_start]_____[blank_end] 1,25 (OH)2 D;
b: [blank_start]_____[blank_end] Ca reabsorption;
c: [blank_start]_____[blank_end] PO4 reabsorption;
Answer
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Increase
-
Decrease
Question 4
Question
In the bone, PTH has 2 effects. These are:
a: ↑ [blank_start]__________[blank_end];
b: ↑ Bone [blank_start]__________[blank_end] (releasing Ca).
Answer
-
Osteoclasts
-
Osteoblasts
-
Osteocytes
-
Lining Cells
-
Resorption
-
Formation
Question 5
Question
PTH-1 is a class-B GPCR. Yeah?
Question 6
Question
The primary effect of Hyperparathyroidism is:
Answer
-
Increase blood Ca
-
Decrease blood Ca
-
Increase kidney Ca
-
Decrease kidney Ca
Question 7
Question
PROLONGED increase of PTH results in which of the following:
Question 8
Question
The main effect of INTERMITTENT PTH is:
Answer
-
Increased osteoblast numbers
-
Increased osteoclast numbers
-
Decreased osteoblast numbers
-
Decreased osteoclast numbers
Question 9
Question
True or false: Intermittent PTH has little effect on osteoclasts, although they are necessary for its action.
Question 10
Question
Sclerostin is a [blank_start]__________[blank_end] regulator of bone formation.
Question 11
Question
Mutations that inactivate Sclerostin cause [blank_start]__________[blank_end] bone mass.
Question 12
Question
Sclerostin is produced by which of the following:
Answer
-
Osteocytes
-
Osteoclasts
-
Osteoblasts
-
Lining Cells
-
PTH
Question 13
Question
Intermittent PTH [blank_start]__________[blank_end] sclerostin. Sclerostin [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Wnt signaling. Therefore Intermittent PTH has a [blank_start]__________[blank_end] effect on Wnt signalling and results in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] bone formation (and [blank_start]__________[blank_end] bone resorption).
Answer
-
Decreases
-
Increases
-
Inhibits
-
Stimulates
-
Positive
-
Negative
-
Increased
-
Decreased
-
Decreased
-
Increased