Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Frage 1
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Tolerance is a state of immunological unresponsiveness, and an [blank_start]adaptive[blank_end] response of lymphocytes. It exists because lymphocytes have [blank_start]self-reactive[blank_end] receptor, as receptors are formed by somatic recombination and sometimes recognise [blank_start]self-tissue[blank_end]. They must be deleted, or controlled by tolerance.
Antworten
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self-reactive
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self-tissue
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adaptive
Frage 2
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Peripheral Tolerance is the mechanism for controlling self reactive cells that escaped deletion in their early stages.
• 3 ways this may occur:
1. Ignorance; lymphocytes are [blank_start]physically[blank_end] separated from low conc. self-antigen at “immune privileged sites” eg the [blank_start]brain, eye, testes, foetus[blank_end]. The sites also produce [blank_start]immunosuppressive cytokines[blank_end].
2. Anergy; antigen specific non-[blank_start]responsiveness[blank_end], a second signal needed from an [blank_start]APC[blank_end] is not there to activate [blank_start]T cell[blank_end].
3. Suppression; an active process [blank_start]mediated[blank_end] by a suppressor or regulatory lymphocyte.
Antworten
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physically
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brain, eye, testes, foetus
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immunosuppressive cytokines
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responsiveness
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APC
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T cell
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mediated
Frage 3
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Autoimmunity is the breakdown of self tolerance.
Frage 4
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Diabetes is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease.