20408532
Beschreibung
Quiz von Med Student , aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Med Student
vor etwa 5 Jahre
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Frage 1
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Placebo is
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allergic drug reaction
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drug form, without active substance
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method for treatment of acute pain
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drug tolerance
Frage 2
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Tobacco smoking
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increases drugs metabolism
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decreases drug metabolism
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decreases plasma concentrations of methylxanthines
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doesn’ t change drugs metabolism
Frage 3
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Nocebo effect is
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Allergic drug reaction
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Analgesic method
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Adverse drug reaction, caused by placebo
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CNS depression
Frage 4
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When patient and doctor are aware of the contents of the formulation, the trial is defined as
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open trial
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blind trial
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placebo trial
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double-blind trial
Frage 5
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Surrogates in rational pharmacotherapy are
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clinical- laboratory indexes
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instrumental investigations - ECG; EMG; MRT etc
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disease improvement
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decreased mortality rate
Frage 6
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Pharmacodynamic changes in elderly are
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increased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
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decreased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
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paradoxal reactions are observed
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adverse drug reactions are more frequent
Frage 7
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Steady-state plasma concentration is
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blood concentration of the drug 2 hours after administration
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blood concentration of the drug after repeated administration when there is a balance between absorption and excretion
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blood concentration of the drug after it has been ceased
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blood concentration of the drug during its absorption
Frage 8
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Drugs half-life is an index for
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the route of administration of the drug
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the duration of the drug effect when there is a relationship between it and plasma concentrations
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time to reach steady-state plasma concentration after repeated administration
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determination of dose interval
Frage 9
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Drugs contraindicated in the first half of pregnancy are
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Erythromycin
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Sex steroids
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Penicillins
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Oral anticoagulants
Frage 10
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For pharmacokinetics in elderly is true
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decreased excretion
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decreased metabolism
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decreased volume of distribution
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increased volume of distribution
Frage 11
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Reasons for inadequate pharmaceutical availability are
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chronic renal failure
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improper use of the drug formulation
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bad quality of the drug substance
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participating in treatment
Frage 12
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Categories of ADRs are
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certain
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probable
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possible
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unlikely
Frage 13
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Therapeutic drug monitoring is
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method for neuroleptanalgesy
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used when there is relationship between plasma concentrations and drug effect
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used for drugs with narrow therapeutic window
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used for drugs with long half- live
Frage 14
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Irrational ready-made drug formulations contain
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drugs with different half-life
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drugs for ethiotropic and symptomatic treatment
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drugs with narrow therapeutic window
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drugs affecting different pathogenic mechanisms
Frage 15
Frage
First phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
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first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
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first application of a new substance to patients
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efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
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post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients
Frage 16
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Binding of drugs with plasma proteins is important for
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half- life
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drugs interactions
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bioavailabillity
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the value of the pharmacological effect
Frage 17
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Adverse drug reactions lead to
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increased pharmacological effect
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decreased risk of toxicity
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decreased efficacy of the treatment
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developement of unpredictable drug effects
Frage 18
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Bad compliance of the patient may be due to
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dose regimen with many drugs with frequent administration
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a large number of drugs
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lack of information for the treatment
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the drug must be taken once daily
Frage 19
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Fourth phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
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first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
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first application of a new substance to patients
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efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
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post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients
Frage 20
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Drugs clearance is
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Amount of drug, that reaches systemic circulation
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Blood plasma volume from which the drug is eliminated for defined period of time
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Steady- state plasma concentration
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Withdrawal syndrome
Frage 21
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Monitoring of therapeutic plasma concentrations is necessary for
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theophyllin
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phenobarbital
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carbamazepin
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amoxicillin
Frage 22
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Third phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
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first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
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first application of a new substance to patients
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efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
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post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients
Frage 23
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Clearance is an index for
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drugs excretion
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determination of mantaining dose of the drugs
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drugs absorbtion
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effects of the drugs on the heart
Frage 24
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Pharmacogenetic differences lead to
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decreased effect
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increased effect
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development of adverse drug reactions
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avitaminosis
Frage 25
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Drug surveillance is done by
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spontaneous reporting
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observation studies
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family doctors
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population statistics
Frage 26
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Adverse drug reactions are the following types
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augmented
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bizarre
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chronic
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delayed
Frage 27
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Mechanisms of drug interactions are
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unpredictable
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pharmacokinetic
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pharmacodynamic
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pharmaceutical
Frage 28
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The quality of therapeutic decision (outcomes) can be measured by
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clinical outcomes
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costs — direct and indirect
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functional status pf patient
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overall patient satisfaction
Frage 29
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Method of evaluation of cost/benefits ration are
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cost minimization analysis
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cost effectiveness analysis
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cost utility analysis
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cost consequence analysis
Frage 30
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Drug metabolism involving some enzyme defects includes the following reactions
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acetylation
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oxidation
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hydrolysis
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red cells enzyme defects
Frage 31
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The reasons for drug abuse are
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relief of anxiety, tension and depression
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entertainment, fun
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improvement of performance in competitive sports
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conformity with own social subgroup
Frage 32
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How many types of dependence do you know?
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psychological
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physical (physiological)
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acute
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chronic
Frage 33
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Which pharmacological drug groups cause drug dependence and tolerance?
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Opioid analgesics
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Antidepressants
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CNS stimulants
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Benzodiazepines
Frage 34
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The neuropharmacological mechanisms of drug addiction are
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activation of endogenous opiate encephalin receptors
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activation of μ-opioid receptors in the brain
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activation of cannabinoid receptors (CB1) in the hypothalamus
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increase of glutamate release in the brain cortex
Frage 35
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Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
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it develops after 6-weeks of treatment
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it develops after 2 weeks of treatment
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psychological symptoms — anxiety, agitation, insomnia, seizures
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physical symptoms — nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, ataxia
Frage 36
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Opioid (heroin, morphine) withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
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begins 8 hours after last dose
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the peak is between 36-72 h
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first physical symptoms are lacrimation, rhinorrhea and sweating
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abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, bone and muscle pain, weakness and chills
Frage 37
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Why is methadone used for treatment of opioid-dependence?
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it is taken orally
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it is applied intravenously
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has prolonged action
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has short-action
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