Frage 1
Frage
Approximately how many bones make up the vertebral column?
Frage 2
Frage
Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?
Antworten
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Axial support of the body above the pelvis
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Protection of the spinal cord
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Posture and movement
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Protection of the internal organs
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Protection of the cerebrospinal fluid
Frage 3
Frage
What is the advantage of the vertebral column consisting of several slightly mobile linkages rather than only a few highly mobile articulations?
Antworten
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Stability and flexibility
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Better protection of the spinal cord
-
Better protection of the internal organs
-
Less flexible
Frage 4
Frage
Which segments of the vertebral column retain the primary curve seen in the original foetal curvature of the spine?
Antworten
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Thoracic spine
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Sacrococcygeal spine
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Cervical spine
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Lumbar spine
Frage 5
Frage
Which segments of the vertebral column develop into secondary curves when the child begins to hold their head up, followed by when the child begins to walk?
Antworten
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Cervical spine
-
Lumbar spine
-
Thoracic spine
-
Sacrococcygeal spine
Frage 6
Frage
Which segments of the vertebral column are described as kyphotic?
Antworten
-
Thoracic
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Cervical
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Lumbar
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Sacral
Frage 7
Frage
Which segments of the vertebral column are described as lordotic?
Antworten
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Cervical
-
Thoracic
-
Lumbar
-
Sacral
Frage 8
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe this thoracic vertebra from a superior view.
Antworten
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Spinous process
-
Superior articular facet
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Transverse process
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Transverse costal facet
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Pedicle
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Lamina
-
Vertebral foramen
-
Superior costal facet
Frage 9
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe this lateral view of a thoracic vertebra.
Antworten
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Superior costal facet
-
Inferior costal facet
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Superior vertebral notch
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Superior articular facet
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Pedicle
-
Inferior vertebral notch
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Inferior articular facet
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Spinous process
-
Transverse costal facet
Frage 10
Frage
What do the inferior and superior vertebral notches form?
Antworten
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Intervertebral foramina
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Transverse foramina
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Vertebral foramina
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Pedicles
Frage 11
Frage
Which component of the vertebrae is the weight-bearing component?
Antworten
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Vertebral body
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Vertebral arch
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Pedicles
-
Spinous processes
Frage 12
Frage
What structure of bone will you find in the internal structure of the vertebral body?
Frage 13
Frage
What aspect of the vertebrae forms the vertebral foramen in combination with the vertebral body?
Antworten
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Vertebral arch
-
Pedicles
-
Spinous processes
-
Transverse processes
Frage 14
Frage
The vertebral foramina all align to form...
Frage 15
Frage
What is the function of the laminae and pedicles?
Antworten
-
Transmit forces from the articular processes to the body
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Receive forces transmitted from the body
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Support body weight directly
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Form the intervertebral foramina
Frage 16
Frage
What can the transverse and spinous processes of the vertebral column act as?
Antworten
-
Sites of muscular attachment
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Sites of articulation between adjacent vertebrae
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Weight-bearers
-
Support the intervertebral discs
Frage 17
Frage
The following questions will be about the cervical spine. How many cervical vertebrae have?
Frage 18
Frage
Which of the following best describes the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae?
Frage 19
Frage
Each transverse process of the cervical vertebrae has an additional opening - the transverse foramen. What is the function of the transverse foramina?
Antworten
-
Route for the vertebral arteries into the brain
-
Route for the carotid arteries into the brain
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Route for the exit of the spinal nerves
-
House the spinal cord
Frage 20
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe this diagram of a cervical vertebra.
Frage 21
Frage
Which is true of the first cervical vertebra, the atlas?
Frage 22
Frage
The first cervical vertebra, the atlas, has the longest and most laterally extended transverse processes of the C spine.
Frage 23
Frage
Why are the superior articular processes of the first cervical vertebra, the atlas, deeply curved?
Antworten
-
Articulation with the occipotal condyles of the skull
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Articulation with the axis
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Articulation with the mandible
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Provide a groove for the exit of the spinal nerve
Frage 24
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the first cervical vertebra, the atlas.
Antworten
-
Dens
-
Anterior arch
-
Superior articular facet
-
Transverse foramen
-
Transverse ligament
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Posterior arch
-
Transverse process
Frage 25
Frage
What is the function of the second cervical vertebrae, the axis?
Antworten
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Axis of rotation for turning the head
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Supports the skull
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Supports the vertebral arteries
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Supports the upper 6 cervical vertebrae
Frage 26
Frage
What is the odontoid process/dens of the second cervical vertebra, the axis?
Antworten
-
Projection extending upwards which is held to C1 via the transverse ligament
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Long spinous process which is palpable from the skin
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Long transverse process extending to the right body
-
Long spinous proccess projecting upwards towards the skull instead of downwards
Frage 27
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the second cervical vertebra, the axis.
Antworten
-
Odontoid process/dens
-
Superior articular facet
-
Transverse foramen
-
Lamina
-
Spinous process
-
Transverse process
Frage 28
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the force transmission down the cervical spine.
Antworten
-
Occipital condyles
-
Atlas C1
-
Axis C2
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C3
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C4
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Weight of head
Frage 29
Frage
Why is the seventh cervical vertebra referred to as the vertebra prominens?
Antworten
-
It has a long spinous process which is palpable from the skin
-
It has the longest, most lateral transverse processes of the cervical spine
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It has the largest body of the cervical spine
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Its transverse processes don't have transverse foramina
Frage 30
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the cervical spine as shown here.
Frage 31
Frage
The following questions will be about the thoracic spine. How many thoracic vertebrae do we have?
Frage 32
Frage
The thoracic vertebrae have smaller bodies than the cervical vertebrae.
Frage 33
Frage
What is significant about the thoracic vertebrae?
Antworten
-
Long spinous process with pronounced downward angle
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Long spinous process with pronounced upward angle
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Long transverse processes
-
Triangular shaped vertebral foramen
Frage 34
Frage
What is the function of the long spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae?
Antworten
-
Limits flexion by overlapping with the next spinous process
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Contains facets for articulations of the rib
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Transmits force onto the body of the vertebra
-
Transmits force onto the rib
Frage 35
Frage
The thoracic vertebrae have additional facets on their transverse processes. What do these articulate with?
Antworten
-
The tubercles of the ribs
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The head of the ribs
-
The superior thoracic vertebra
-
The inferior thoracic vertebra
Frage 36
Frage
What is significant about the T11 and T12 vertebrae compared to the rest of the thoracic spine?
Frage 37
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe this thoracic vertebra from a superior view.
Antworten
-
Body
-
Vertebral foramen
-
Superior costal facet
-
Pedicle
-
Superior vertebral notch
-
Superior articular facet
-
Spinous process
-
Lamina
-
Transverse costal facet
Frage 38
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe this thoracic vertebra from a lateral view.
Frage 39
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the thoracic spine and how the ribs articulate with it.
Frage 40
Frage
The following questions will be about the lumbar spine. How many lumbar vertebrae do we have?
Frage 41
Frage
The vertebral bodies of the lumbar vertebrae are the largest and thickest of the entire vertebral column.
Frage 42
Frage
What happens to the vertebral foramina the further down the lumbar spine you go?
Antworten
-
Become more triangular
-
Become more circular
-
Become narrower
-
Become wider
Frage 43
Frage
Which is true of the transverse and spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae?
Antworten
-
Short
-
Long and narrow
-
Long and blunt
-
Nonexistent
Frage 44
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the lumbar vertebra shown here.
Frage 45
Frage
At what level does the spinal cord terminate?
Frage 46
Frage
Which is true of the sacrum?
Antworten
-
5 individual vertebrae
-
5 individual vertebrae that fuse by adulthood
-
5 individual vertebrae that fuse by puberty
-
5 individual vertebrae that fuse in the first 2 years of life
Frage 47
Frage
The sacrum has pairs of anterior and posterior formaina that provide roots for the exit of spinal nerves in place of transverse foramina.
Frage 48
Frage
What is the median sacral crest a remnant of?
Antworten
-
The fused spinous processes
-
The fused transverse processes
-
The fused vertebral bodies
-
The fused costal facets
Frage 49
Frage
What is the lateral sacral crest a remnant of?
Antworten
-
The fused transverse processes
-
The fused spinous processes
-
The fused vertebral bodies
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The fused costal facets
Frage 50
Frage
What are the transverse ridges of the sacrum remnants of?
Antworten
-
The fused intervertebral discs
-
The fused transverse processes
-
The fused spinous processes
-
The fused costal facets
Frage 51
Frage
What is the name given to the superior anterior projection of bone forming the posterior margin of the pelvic inlet?
Frage 52
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the sacrum.
Antworten
-
Sacral promontory
-
Body of first sacral vertebra
-
Transverse ridges
-
Anterior sacral foramina
-
Apex
-
Coccyx
-
Sacral canal
-
Body
-
Superior articular process
-
Auricular surfaces
-
Lateral sacral crest
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Median sacral crest
-
Posterior sacral foramina
-
Sacral hiatus
Frage 53
Frage
How many individual vertebrae fuse to form the coccyx?
Frage 54
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the coccyx.
Antworten
-
Coccygeal cornua
-
Transverse process
-
Superior articular facet