27225662
Beschreibung
Quiz von Bryan Suringa, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Bryan Suringa
vor etwa 4 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
What two enzymes are used to bypass the pyruvate kinase reaction of glycolysis?
I. pyruvate carboxylase
II. PEP carboxykinase (PEPCK)
III. Fructose bisphosphatase
IV. Glucose-6-phosphate
Antworten
-
A. I & II
-
III & IV
-
II & IV
-
II & III
Frage 2
Frage
Which of the following includes the main goals of Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
I. produce ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis
II. produce NADPH and NADP for oxidoreductive biochemical synthesis
III. to interconvert pentoses and hexoses
Antworten
-
I & II
-
II & III
-
I & III
-
I, II & III
Frage 3
Frage
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the secondary structure of nucleic acids?
I. Guanine forms base pairs with cytosine via 2 hydrogen bonds
II. The B form of the DNA is the most common in biological systems
III. The breaking of H-bonds caused by high temperature is called melting
Antworten
-
I,II & III
-
I & II
-
II & III
-
I & III
Frage 4
Frage
The phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate forms the potent secondary messengers inositol triphosphate & diacylglycerol via what enzyme?
Antworten
-
Phospholipase A
-
Phospholipase C
-
Phospholipase D
-
Phospholipase B
Frage 5
Frage
Which of the following is not true regarding the four enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain?
Antworten
-
Complex I is known as the NADH-CoQ Oxidoreductases
-
Complex II is known as Succinate-CoQ Oxidoreductases
-
Complex III is known as Cytochrome Oxidase
-
Complex IV is known as Cytochrome Oxidase
Frage 6
Frage
Glucose and mannose are epimers at:
Antworten
-
Carbon 4
-
Carbon 2
-
Carbon 3
-
Carbon 5
Frage 7
Frage
One important endogenous molecule for synthetic biotransformation of xenobiotics is glucuronic acid. It is actually the most dominant conjugative biotransformation pathway due to the readily available source of glucose. It is produce from glucose via:
Antworten
-
Oxidation at carbon 1
-
Oxidation at carbon 2
-
Oxidation at carbon 6
-
Oxidation at carbon 1 & 6
Frage 8
Frage
Which of the following is not true about protein structure determination?
Antworten
-
NMR is the only means of determining protein structure
-
Protein are difficult to crystallize, a disadvantage of x-ray crystallography
-
An advantage of the use of the NMR is that proteins analyzed are in their natural state
-
Large and very complex proteins can only be analyzed by x-ray crystallography
Frage 9
Frage
Tertiary structures of proteins are primarily stabilized by
I. H-bonds
II. Hydrophobic interactions
III. Ionic bonds
IV. Disulfide bonds
Antworten
-
I, II, III & IV
-
I, II& IV
-
I,III & IV
-
I & III
Frage 10
Frage
In an uncompetitive inhibition of enzymatic action :
Antworten
-
Inhibitor binds either to the free enzyme or the enzyme substrate complex
-
Lineweaver-Burk plots of the enzyme alone (control) & the enzyme + inhibitor are parallel to each other
-
The apparent Km is raised
-
The Vmax is unaffected
Frage 11
Frage
Which biomolecule is not considered a biopolymer?
Antworten
-
Proteins
-
Lipids
-
Nucleic acids
-
Carbohydrates
Frage 12
Frage
It is regarded as the universal biological energy currency
Antworten
-
Adenosine triphosphate
-
Guanosine triphosphate
-
Uncouplers
-
Calories
Frage 13
Frage
This is the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration.
Antworten
-
Complex I
-
Complex I&II
-
Nitrate
-
Oxygen
Frage 14
Frage
The most accepted hypothesis regarding oxidative phosphorylation is
Antworten
-
Chemical coupling
-
Conformational coupling
-
Chemiosmotic hypothesis
-
Lock and Key Theory
Frage 15
Frage
This is a quantitative study of the energy transformations in the living cell
Antworten
-
Bioenergetics
-
Thermodynamics
-
Proteomics
-
Metabolomics
Frage 16
Frage
Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle
Antworten
-
ACTH
-
Glutamine
-
Epinephrine
-
Prolactin
Frage 17
Frage
Which vitamin can be used in the management of hyperlipidemia?
Antworten
-
Thiamine
-
Riboflavin
-
Niacin
-
Pantothenic acid
Frage 18
Frage
Bond between 2 amino acids
Antworten
-
Glycosidic bond
-
N-glycosyl linkage
-
Peptide Bond
-
Hydrogen bond
Frage 19
Frage
Beta oxidation of fatty acids in eukaryotic cells occurs in the
Antworten
-
Cytosol
-
Mitochondria
-
Endoplasmic reticulum
-
Ribosomes
Frage 20
Frage
The pentose phosphate pathway (aka HMP Shunt) occurs in the ________ of the liver, muscle and kidney.
Antworten
-
cytosol
-
mitochondria
-
endoplasmic reticulum
-
ribosomes
Frage 21
Frage
The isoelectric point is the
Antworten
-
pH where the alpha amino acid exist in its negatively charged form
-
pH wherein the amino acid exist in zwitterionic form
-
Temperature at which the amino acid denatures
-
Pressure at which the amino acid hydrolyzes
Frage 22
Frage
This is the only optically inactive amino acid
Antworten
-
methionine
-
Lysine
-
Citrulline
-
glycine
Frage 23
Frage
This level of protein structure is applicable only to those have several subunits
Antworten
-
Primary
-
Secondary
-
Tertiary
-
Quaternary
Frage 24
Frage
Arginine is the only metabolite of the urea cycle that does not accumulate because
Antworten
-
It is readily excreted
-
It is used up by the body for protein synthesis
-
There is no known deficiency in the enzyme that catabolizes it
-
It can be acquired from food
Frage 25
Frage
This is the genetic condition characterized by deficiency of the enzyme branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase
Antworten
-
Maple syrup disease
-
Hartnup disease
-
Kwashiorkor
-
Marasmus
Frage 26
Frage
These are compounds related to cerebrosides that contain sphingosine, long chain fatty acids, hexoses (usually galactose or glucose) and neuraminic acid
Antworten
-
cephalins
-
gangliosides
-
cytolipins
-
lecithins
Frage 27
Frage
This enzyme catalyzes the conversion fructose-6-P to fructose-1,6-bis-P
Antworten
-
hexokinase
-
pyruvate kinase
-
PFK-1
-
Fructose bisphosphatase
Frage 28
Frage
Which of the following is called transamination?
Antworten
-
Conversion of amino acids to hydroxyl groups
-
Conversion of amino acids to keto acids
-
Loss of ammonia from amino acids
-
Formation of ammonium salts from ammonia
Frage 29
Frage
The sugar involved in the DNA
Antworten
-
ribose
-
pentose
-
deoxyribose
-
xylose
Frage 30
Frage
This is the reason why blood AB is considered as the universal recipient.
Antworten
-
It is the most common among the ABO blood types
-
Blood type AB has neither A nor B substances
-
Blood type AB has no anti-A or anti-B antibodies
-
All of the above
Frage 31
Frage
Which one is true regarding the structures of lipids?
Antworten
-
Eicosapentaenoic acid is a saturated fatty acid
-
They may exist as esters of cholesterol when they are enclosed in very low density
-
Linoleic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid
-
Capric acid contains 12 carbons
Frage 32
Frage
This is the product of basic hydrolysis of fats and oils
Antworten
-
fatty acid
-
triacylglycerol
-
soap
-
detergent
Frage 33
Frage
The group of lipids that is considered amphipathic
Antworten
-
sterols
-
fatty acids
-
trans-fatty acids
-
phospholipids
Frage 34
Frage
Which properly describes a liposome?
Antworten
-
It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous cavity
-
It is a lipid structure wherein the hydrophobic chains of the fatty acids are sequestered at the core of the sphere with virtually no water in the hydrophobic interior
-
It is a lipoprotein integrated in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membranes
-
It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid monolayer enclosing a hydrophobic cavity
Frage 35
Frage
It is the building block of essential fatty acids
Antworten
-
Malonyl CoA
-
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate
-
Acetyl CoA
-
HMG CoA
Frage 36
Frage
The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the________.
Antworten
-
mouth
-
stomach
-
small intestine
-
duodenum
Frage 37
Frage
Cellular elements of the blood devoid of nucleus
Antworten
-
RBC
-
WBC
-
thrombocytes
-
all of the above
Frage 38
Frage
Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates
Antworten
-
nucleoproteins
-
glycoproteins
-
phosphoproteins
-
chromoproteins
Frage 39
Frage
Glucose is normally absent in the urine because kidneys normally completely reabsorb all glucose. Which of the following is true?
Antworten
-
Glucosuria confirms diabetes mellitus
-
Glucosuria necessarily means hyperglycemia
-
Glucosuria is solely attributed to insulin problem
-
Glucosuria may occur in other disease states
Frage 40
Frage
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome which can cause acute confusion, ataxia and ophthalmoplegia, can be treated with which of the following?
Antworten
-
riboflavin
-
ascorbic acid
-
thiamine
-
pantothenic acid
Frage 41
Frage
This is the major excretory product of purine nucleotides
Antworten
-
inosine monophosphate
-
uric acid
-
methylmalonyl CoA
-
tetrahydrofolate
Frage 42
Frage
This is the phenomena of renaturation of nucleic acid after it has been subjected to high temperature and then to room temperature
Antworten
-
Hydrolysis
-
Polymerase chain reaction
-
annealing
-
hybridization
Frage 43
Frage
This is the base sequence for the start codon
Antworten
-
UAG
-
UGA
-
AUG
-
UAA
Frage 44
Frage
This feature of bacterial cells confers selectivity of antibacterial agents targeting protein synthesis to the bacteria and not to the host cell.
Antworten
-
mRNA
-
40s ribosomal subunit
-
lack of cell wall
-
30s ribosomal subunit
Frage 45
Frage
This is also known as the RNA-directed DNA polymerase
Antworten
-
RNA polymerase II
-
Reverse transcriptase
-
DNA polymerase alpha
-
DNA polymerase II
Frage 46
Frage
What essential amino acid is used in the synthesis of niacin?
Antworten
-
Tyrosine
-
Methionine
-
tryptophan
-
Phenylalanine
Frage 47
Frage
The cellular particles are often referred to by their sedimentation coefficient value, for example 70s ribosomes that are expressed in terms of 10 -13 seconds. The abbreviation “s” stands for
Antworten
-
subunit
-
Seconds
-
Svedberg
-
None of the above
Frage 48
Frage
The best known building blocks of RNA and DNA are
Antworten
-
purines
-
pyrimidines
-
fatty acids
-
a and b
Frage 49
Frage
The following are pathological constituents of urine, except:
Antworten
-
glucose
-
albumin
-
creatinine
-
blood
Frage 50
Frage
Glucose and galactose differ only in the configuration of their hydroxyl group at carbon 4. Glucose and galactose are:
Antworten
-
diastereomers
-
enantiomers
-
epimers
-
anomers
Frage 51
Frage
The chemical representation shows the most stable conformation of hexoaldopyranoses
Antworten
-
Fischer projection
-
Boat conformation
-
Haworth Formula
-
Chair conformation
Frage 52
Frage
These are vegetables or animal drugs that consist of natural substances that have undergone only the process of collection and drying
Antworten
-
natural substances
-
crude drugs
-
Extractives
-
Derivatives
Frage 53
Frage
What do you call plants growing in their native countries?
Antworten
-
indigenous
-
naturalized
-
cultivated
-
local
Frage 54
Frage
What is used to treat cascara sagrada extract to reduce its bitter taste?
Antworten
-
Magnesium oxide
-
Calcium carbonate
-
Simple syrup
-
Talc
Frage 55
Frage
What type of saponin glycosides are derivatives of steroids with spiroketal side chains?
Antworten
-
Acid saponins
-
Alkaline saponins
-
Neutral saponins
-
None of the above
Frage 56
Frage
This is the final step in the preparation of drugs for the commercial market, consisting of the removal of extraneous matter.
Antworten
-
Packaging
-
Preservation
-
Garbling
-
Harvesting
Frage 57
Frage
Natural relationship existing among plants and among animals
Antworten
-
taxonomy
-
morphology
-
phylogeny
-
Systematics
Frage 58
Frage
8. In the preservation of crude drugs, this method is the simplest in preventing insect attacks and other form of destruction
Antworten
-
Exposure of the drug to a temperature of 65°C
-
Use of methyl chloride
-
adding a few drops of benzene
-
AOTA
Frage 59
Frage
This refers to the evaluation by means of the sense organs and includes the macroscopic appearance of the drug, odor, taste, sound upon fracture and feel to the touch
Antworten
-
Physical Analysis
-
Chemical Analysis
-
Proximate Analysis
-
Organoleptic Analysis
Frage 60
Frage
The first commercial application of the technique in pharmaco-biotechnology was made by Eli Lilly Company. Using the non-disease producing strain of E.coli, this company produced the hormone
Antworten
-
Glucagon
-
somatostatin
-
insulin
-
somatomedin
Frage 61
Frage
Which of the following may influence the secondary constituents of plant drugs?
Antworten
-
genetic composition
-
ontogeny
-
environment
-
all of the above
Frage 62
Frage
These are products of natural origin many of which without therapeutic effect used by the laity in the self-treatment of diseases.
Antworten
-
Health Foods
-
Crude drugs
-
Extracts
-
AOTA
Frage 63
Frage
Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
I. Gums and mucilages are carbohydrates
II. Streptomycin is a carbohydrate
III. The concentration of secondary metabolites increases with age
IV. Biogenesis refers to the study of biochemical pathways leading to the formation of secondary constituents used as drugs
Antworten
-
I, II and IV
-
I, II and III
-
I and III
-
III Only
Frage 64
Frage
Which of the following pairs is correct?
Antworten
-
reserpine-hypotensive
-
sambong-stomachic
-
bayabas-diuretic
-
lagundi-analgesic
Frage 65
Frage
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Antworten
-
Synthetic Camphor is levorotatory
-
Natural Camphor is dextrorotatory
-
Both natural and semisynthetic camphor are racemic
-
NOTA
Frage 66
Frage
Give the proper sequence of the following processes in the preparation of natural drugs.
I. Garbling
II. Collection
III. Drying
IV. Harvesting
V. Packaging
Antworten
-
III-I-IV-II-V
-
II-IV-III-I-V
-
II-I-IV-V-III
-
IV-I-III-V-II
Frage 67
Frage
This classification of drugs considers the natural relationship or phylogeny among plants and animals.
Antworten
-
taxonomic
-
morphologic
-
zoologic
-
zoologic and taxonomic
Frage 68
Frage
The source of bassorin
Antworten
-
acacia
-
Karaya
-
gum
-
Tragacanth
Frage 69
Frage
Mannitol is used pharmacologically as a/an
Antworten
-
humectant
-
osmotic diuretic
-
anti-infective
-
urologic irritant
Frage 70
Frage
Which of the following is/are homoglycan(s)?
Antworten
-
starch
-
starch and inulin
-
inulin
-
gums
Frage 71
Frage
The milk left after separation of the cream
Antworten
-
cheese
-
condensed milk
-
skimmed milk
-
buttermilk
Frage 72
Frage
Fermentation product from molasses
Antworten
-
wine
-
whiskey
-
rum
-
brandy
Frage 73
Frage
It is also known as the carob pulp or St. John's Bread
Antworten
-
locust bean
-
Xanthan
-
guar
-
acacia
Frage 74
Frage
It tastes approximately half as sweet as sucrose, and has humectant properties which makes it a useful ingredient in toothpastes, chewing gums, and dietetic products.
Antworten
-
mannitol
-
fructose
-
dulcitol
-
sorbitol
Frage 75
Frage
A pharmaceutical aid in the preparation of collodion and flexible collodion.
Antworten
-
methylcellulose phthalate
-
soluble guncotton
-
powdered cellulose
-
cellulose acetate
Frage 76
Frage
Gum usually used as a substitute for acacia
Antworten
-
ghatti
-
tragacanth
-
karaya
-
algin
Frage 77
Frage
It is also referred to as Japanese Isinglass, and is extensively used as a gel in bacteriologic culture media.
Antworten
-
carrageenan
-
agar
-
chondrus
-
cydonium
Frage 78
Frage
Powdered cellulose is the purified, mechanically disintegrated cellulose used as a self-binding tablet diluent and disintegrating agent. Which of the following statements regarding powdered cellulose is correct?
A) The purity of cellulose is defined by its solubility in hydrochloric acid.
B) The cellulose remaining insoluble is termed a-cellulose.
C) The greater the quantity of a-cellulose present, the higher the quality of the material.
Antworten
-
B and C only
-
A and B only
-
B only
-
NOTA
Frage 79
Frage
The most important monosaccharides found in plants
Antworten
-
hexoses
-
pentoses
-
heptoses
-
octoses
Frage 80
Frage
Which of the following is a source of sucrose?
Antworten
-
Acer saccharum
-
Bos taurus
-
Prunus cerasus
-
Sorbus aucuparia
Frage 81
Frage
Which of the following statements is/are true?
Antworten
-
Dextrose is a-(L)-glucopyranose
-
Dextrose is obtained from controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch
-
Dextrose can only be given PO and IV
-
AOTA
Frage 82
Frage
This is a product obtained from the incomplete hydrolysis of starch. It is a colorless or yellowish, thick syrupy liquid that is nearly odorless and tastes sweet.
Antworten
-
liquid dextrose
-
liquid sucrose
-
liquid dextrin
-
liquid glucose
Frage 83
Frage
Which of the following pairs is correct?
Antworten
-
Ferrous gluconate - hematinic
-
Xylose-laxative
-
Lactulose-diagnostic aid
-
AOTA
Frage 84
Frage
Which of the following statements refers to fructose?
A) from honey
B) obtained from the inversion of aqueous solutions of sucrose
C) upon hydrolysis, sucrose yields a higher fructose than dextrose content
Antworten
-
A and B only
-
B and C only
-
C only
-
B only
Frage 85
Frage
In milk processing, the liquid separated from coagulum is known as
Antworten
-
condensed milk
-
butter
-
buttermilk
-
whey
Frage 86
Frage
This is a pentose also known as wood sugar, which is obtained by boiling corn cobs, straw, or similar materials with dilute acid to hydrolyze the polymer.
Antworten
-
ribose
-
xylose
-
erythrose
-
trehalose
Frage 87
Frage
Which of the following statements concerning lactulose is true?
Antworten
-
Natural sugar prepared by acidic rearrangement of lactose
-
Trisaccharide
-
Well absorbed
-
Bacteria in the colon metabolize it to acetic acid and lactic acid
Frage 88
Frage
Xylose is used as a /an
Antworten
-
diuretic
-
pharmaceutical excipient
-
binder
-
diagnostic aid
Frage 89
Frage
In glycolysis, what enzyme is involved in the conversion of 3 phosphoglyceraldehyde to 1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid?
Antworten
-
kinase
-
aldolase
-
dehydrogenase
-
isomerase
Frage 90
Frage
Aside from thiamine pyrophosphate, what coenzyme/cofactor aids in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid with pyruvic acid dehydrogenase?
Antworten
-
NAD
-
Lipoic Acid
-
FAD
-
Mg
Frage 91
Frage
Glucose-6-PO, is converted to ____ upon the action of phosphohexose isomerase.
Antworten
-
Glucose-1-Phosphate
-
Fructose-6-Phosphate
-
Fructose-1.6-Diphosphate
-
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Frage 92
Frage
Pyruvic acid, upon the action of pyruvic acid decarboxylase yields ____
Antworten
-
ethanol
-
lactic acid
-
methanol
-
acetaldehyde
Frage 93
Frage
Alcohol dehydrogenase acts on acetaldehyde to yield ____
Antworten
-
lactic acid
-
pyruvic acid
-
ethanol
-
AOTA
Frage 94
Frage
Which tricarboxylic acid was first isolated by scheele in 1784
Antworten
-
citric acid
-
Tartaric acid
-
lactic acid
-
fumaric acid
Frage 95
Frage
This acid is a byproduct of wine
Antworten
-
citric acid
-
tartaric acid
-
lactic acid
-
fumaric acid
Frage 96
Frage
This acid used as an acidulant especially in feeding formulas
Antworten
-
Citric acid
-
tartaric acid
-
lactic acid
-
fumaric acid
Frage 97
Frage
Which of the following may be produced from the process of distillation?
Antworten
-
whiskey
-
rum
-
brandy
-
AOTA
Frage 98
Frage
Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
Antworten
-
Wine is sometimes used medically as a mild stimulant and tonic
-
Brandy is used as CNS stimulant
-
Whiskey is used as CNS stimulant
-
AOTA
Frage 99
Frage
Which of the following is obtained from Fraxinus ornus I. (Fam. Oleaceae), and is used for its laxative properties?
Antworten
-
glucitol
-
mannitol
-
Sorbitol
-
Lactose
Frage 100
Frage
What is the usual diagnostic dose of mannitol injection?
Antworten
-
200 mg/kg body weight in a 15-25% solution IV in 3-5 minutes
-
50-100g daily in a 5-25% solution by IV infusion
-
200 g/kg body weight in a 15-25% solution in 3-5 minutes
-
50-100 kg daily in a 5-25% solution by IV infusion
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