34422159
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Quiz von Elisabeth Haasen, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Elisabeth Haasen
vor etwa 3 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Which of following statements properly describe characteristics of facilitated diffusion?
Antworten
-
In facilitated diffusion, membrane carriers enable movement of molecules through the cellular membrane against concentration gradient
-
Particular membrane carrier is able to transfer one particular type of molecules soluble in water
-
Facilitated diffusion characterizes with finite rate of transfer of substance defined as maximum saturation
-
Water molecules pass from the cell of the collecting duct to its lumen through the system of facilitated diffusion called AQP2
Frage 2
Frage
Which of the following statements properly describe agglutination:
Antworten
-
Administration of aspirin slows the process of agglutination
-
Agglutination is in vitro phenomenon resulting from an interaction between the agglutinogen and agglutinin
-
Gamma globulins of IgM class easily agglutinate erythrocytes in room temperature
-
Agglutination is slowed by albumin molecules
Frage 3
Frage
3. Which of following statement concerning active transport are true?
Antworten
-
Na/K ATP-ase exchanges 2 sodium ions for 1 potassium ion. Each such exchange requires two ATP molecules
-
Co-transportation of glucose and sodium ions requires previous action of Na/K ATP-ase. Such the mechanism is an example of secondary active transport
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Calcium ions are actively pumped into cellular cytosol by the calcium ATP-ase. This mechanism maintains higher concentration of calcium in cellular cytosol than in ECF
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Active transport mechanisms are able to move substances against concentration gradient
Frage 4
Frage
4. Which of following statements properly describes beta-adrenergic receptors?
Antworten
-
B-adrenergic receptor is a ligand-gated channels
-
Actively of some adrenergic receptors brings EPSP to the postsynaptic membranes
-
Beta-adrenergic receptors initiate transduction resulting with activation of adenylate cyclase
-
Activation of beta-adrenergic receptors up-regulates synthesis of cAMP
Frage 5
Frage
Which of following statements concerning thromboxane A2 (TxA2) are true?
Antworten
-
It activates fibrinolysis
-
TxA2 activates platelets- it intensifies their degranulation (release of the content of granules).
-
It prevents aggregation of platelets
-
It mediates vascular contraction
Frage 6
Frage
Which of following statements properly concern eosinophils?
Antworten
-
They migrate in large number into tissues infected by parasites where they release hydrolytic enzymes
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They release heparin, histamine as well as small quantities of bradykinin and serotonin
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They belong to the adaptive immune system. They are not able to phagocyte
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They aggregate in tissues where allergic reactions occur, (peribronchial tissue in people with asthma).
-
They exhibit chemotaxis
Frage 7
Frage
Which of following statements concern G-protein coupled receptors?
Antworten
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G-protein coupled receptors hydrolyses GTP, transferred from G-protein to the binding site of the receptor
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Muscarinic receptor is an example of G-protein coupled receptor
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All adrenergic receptors belong to family of G-protein coupled receptors
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G-protein coupled receptors are metabotropic, they initiate formation of second messengers: cAMP or IP3
Frage 8
Frage
Actions of Heparin are:
Antworten
-
it inhibits activity of plasma coagulation factors I and IV.
-
it activates natural anticoagulant protein of plasma- antithrombin III
-
it inhibits activity of activated Stuart factor and thrombin (factors X and II)
-
It intensifies adhesion and degranulation of platelets
-
It intensifies proteolytic degradation of plasminogen
Frage 9
Frage
Which of following receptors are ionotropic receptor for cations?
Antworten
-
IP3 receptor
-
Ryanodine receptor
-
Glycine receptors
-
GABAA receptor
-
Nicotinic receptor
Frage 10
Frage
10. Put following cations of the extracellular fluid ECF in proper order;
Being from the most concentrated;
Select one;
Antworten
-
Magnesium-sodium-calcium
-
Potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium
-
Potassium-calcium-magnesium-sodium
-
Sodium- potassium-calcium-magnesium
-
Sodium -calcium- potassium- magnesium
Frage 11
Frage
Which of following sentences are true?
Antworten
-
immunoglobulins against antigen D of Rhesus system develop in childhood
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Immediately after birth the quantify of agglutins in the plasma of the newborn is almost zero
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Immunoglobulins against ABO blood type is produced by the fetus before their birth
-
Agglutinins in ABO system are produced in effect of immunization against antigens A and B commonly present in environment
Frage 12
Frage
Muraminidase: = Lysozyme
Antworten
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it is a part of innate immune response
-
It activates complement cascade
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It is an enzyme that performs bacterial lysis
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It is present in plasmocytes
Frage 13
Frage
Find right sentences concerning transportation of CO2 in blood;
Antworten
-
5-7% of all the CO2 is transported physically dissolved in blood
-
50% of C02 is converted to bicarbonate. Process is catalyzed angiotensin converting enzyme.
-
All the bicarbonate produced in erythrocytes and exchanged for chloride. It is called Hamburger’s phenomenon.
-
Part of CO2 is reversibly bound to hemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin
Frage 14
Frage
In Rhesus system of blood;
Antworten
-
D antigen the oligosaccharide bound to the cellular membrane
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D antigen is the most immunogenic (the strongest component of the system
-
All antigens of the Rhesus system are proteins located only on membranes of erythrocytes
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Agglutinins are synthesized in RhD-negative individuals after exposure to RhD- positive blood
Frage 15
Frage
Which of following events DO NOT match the signal transduction of G protein coupled receptor.
Antworten
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Autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues of B-subunit of the receptor B-subunit phosphorylates other proteins
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Binding of the ligand to its native receptor, receptor activates
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Receptor interacts with G protein to promote a conformational change and the exchange of GDP to GTP
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Subunits of G protein interact with their appropriate enzymes, activating various second messenger pathways and other effector proteins
Frage 16
Frage
16. Which of following results of blood tests may suggest improperly low activity/ concentration of thrombin?
Antworten
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prolonged time of the clotting time test
-
prolonged prothrombin time
-
prolonged time of bleeding time test
-
prolonged time of Rumpel-Leede test
Frage 17
Frage
Oxytocin
Antworten
-
it produces contraction of cells of the deferent duct
-
it upregulates synthesis IP3 in smooth muscle cells of the uterus
-
It is responsible for milk ejection due to contraction of myoepithelial cells
-
It has galactopoietic activity- it stimulates production of milk
Frage 18
Frage
Action of glucocorticoids (cortisol) are;
Antworten
-
rise of liberation of histamine from mast cells
-
rise of gluconeogenesis
-
rise of plasma concentration free fatty acids
-
intensification of catecholamine dependant bronchodilation
Frage 19
Frage
Which of following statements concerning coagulation are proper:
Antworten
-
Thrombin dependent factors are factors I, II, X and XII
-
Thrombin is a proteolytic enzyme catalyzing conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin.
-
Vitamin K is necessary in process of post-translatory modification of prothrombin in liver.
-
Exposition of thrombin to fibrin degradation products accelerate coagulation
Frage 20
Frage
Hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve shifts to the left due to: left = increased affinity
Antworten
-
Decline of the temperature.
-
Rise of 2,3 BPG.
-
Impulses from carotid bodies.
-
Rise of pH.
-
Hypercapnia (rise of pCO2)
Frage 21
Frage
Actions of heparin are:
Antworten
-
It inhibits activity of plasma coagulation factors I and IV.
-
It activates natural anticoagulant protein of plasma – antithrombin III.
-
It inhibits activity of activated Stuart factor and thrombin (factors X and II).
-
It intensifies adhesion and degranulation of platelets.
-
It intensifies proteolytic degradation of plasminogen.
Frage 22
Frage
Find true statements concerning vasopressin:
Antworten
-
It increase water reabsorption from the collecting duct via AQP2 up-regulated after hormone binds to VP1 receptor
-
In smooth musculature of vessels, it up-regulates synthesis of IP3 in smooth muscle cells, eliciting contraction.
-
It’s plasma level rises in effect of decreasing osmotic pressure of blood and cerebrospinal fluid.
-
Decompression of baroreceptors of the carotid sinus and aortic arch increases liberation of that hormone.
-
It inhibits complex of thirst.
Frage 23
Frage
Which of following sentences are true?
Antworten
-
5-7 % of all the CO2 is transported physically dissolved in blood.
-
40 % of CO2 is converted to bicarbonate. Process is catalyzed carbonic anhydrase
-
Part of CO2 is reversibly bound to hemoglobin, such a molecule is called carbaminohemoglobin.-
-
All the bicarbonate produced in erythrocytes is exchanged for phosphate. It’s called Hamburger’s phenomenon
Frage 24
Frage
Which of following statements properly describe characteristics of facilitated diffusion?
Antworten
-
in facilitated diffusion, membrane carriers enable movement of molecules through the cellular membrane against concentration gradient
-
Particular membrane carrier is able to transfer one particular type of molecules soluble in water.
-
Facilitated diffusion characterizes with finite rate of transfer of substance defined as maximum saturation.
-
Water molecules pass from the cell of the collecting duct to its lumen through the system of facilitated diffusion called AQP2
Frage 25
Frage
Lactoferrin:
Antworten
-
It is a part of innate immune response.
-
It activates complement cascade.
-
It is an enzyme of saliva binding iron necessary for proliferation of microbs.
-
It is an enzyme of saliva reducing Fe2+ toFe3+.
Frage 26
Frage
Which of following receptors are intracellular ionotropic receptor for cations?
Antworten
-
P3 receptor.
-
Ryanodine receptor.
-
Glycine receptors.
-
GABAA receptor
-
Nicotinic receptors.
Frage 27
Frage
Action of glucocorticoids (cortisol) are:
Antworten
-
It up-regulates liberation of histamine from mast cells.
-
It intensifies gluconeogenesis in liver.
-
It down-regulates number of lymphocytes and eosinophils.
-
It intensifies catecholamine-dependent bronchoconstriction
-
It increases GFR
Frage 28
Frage
Which of following statements properly describes beta-adrenergic (β-adrenergic) receptors?
Antworten
-
β-adrenergic receptor is a ligand-gated channels.
-
Activity of some adrenergic receptors brings fEPSP to the postsynaptic membranes.
-
Beta-adrenergic receptors initiate transduction resulting with activation of adenylate cyclase.
-
Activation of beta -adrenergic receptors up-regulates synthesis of cAMP.
Frage 29
Frage
Put following cations of the extracellular fluid (ECF) in proper order. Begin from the least concentrated:
Antworten
-
Sodium-potassium-calcium- magnesium
-
Sodium- calcium - potassium - magnesium
-
Potassium-sodium-calcium- magnesium
-
Magnesium-calcium-potassium-sodium
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