PHYSIO Exam #1

The Nerntz potential for Na+ does not suggest that the concentration of this ion is equal on both sides of the membrane.

The movement of water across a membrane is always an active process requiring primary active transport.

The Nernst Equation is important for:

When determining the "equilibrium potential" for Na+, we have to assume the membrane is permeable to all solutes.

Any difference in energy across a membrane is considered the ___________ that pushes a molecule in one direction of the other.

To initiate the action potential of the cell's resting membrane potential must first be changed to reach the threshold of voltage-gates sodium channels.

Which process listed below is most responsible for maintaining the electrochemical gradient of a resting membrane?

If a positively charged ion is more concentrated inside the cell, the electrical forces required to balance the chemical gradient would be directed ____________. Thus, the equilibrium potential (which reflects the voltage inside of the cell) for this ion would be __________ charged.

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the membrane potential were allowed to reach the equilibrium potential for Na+, in which direction (at the moment equilibrium is reached) would overall Na+ movement be?

The initial rapid change in resting membrane voltage (potential) seen during an action potential is called the "repolarization phase".

The functioning (physiology) of our body is dependent and mimics the functioning of _____________.

The largest concentration of the body’s water resides in the ____________________.

Na+ has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid, than in the intracellular fluid.

In warm weather, particular sensors within the body may sense that the body temperature is increasing. In response the systems of the body respond by trying to decrease the temperature change. This is an example of________________________.

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of ...

Which statement about enzymes is not true?

The enzyme _______ catalyzes the reaction whereby nucleotides are added to the polynucleotide chain that contains DNA (deoxyribose sugars).

The Mitochondria –

The Golgi apparatus sorts, modifies and packages proteins into vesicles targeted for their final destination.

The property of phospholipids can be described as ___________.

Which statement is NOT an accurate description of HOMEOSTATIC mechanisms of the body?

The _________________ is the site where lipids, triglycerides, and steroids are synthesized, as well as where calcium is stored within the cell.

The enzymes of glycolysis are located within the ______________ of the cell.

The concentration of Na+ in mammalian systems is generally

The rate of diffusion in an open solution is dependent on several factors including concentration gradient, permeability across the membrane, viscosity of the fluid, and temperature.

Which choice below does not play a role in determining osmolarity?

Active transport differs from facilitated diffusion in that it uses energy to move a substance (downhill) in the direction of its concentration or electrical gradient.

Passive transport of an ion requires that it move down its concentration gradient.

Properties associated with protein membrane active transporters is/are -

Which statement below is true?

Osmotic pressure is the pressure necessary to prevent the movement of water across a membrane.

Sodium-linked glucose transport, where both Na+ and glucose are moving in the same direction, is an example of _____________.

The Na+/K+ pump is an excellent example of secondary active transport.

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the voltage across the membrane of the cell were to reach the equilibrium potential for Na+, at the moment it reaches equilibrium, in which direction would the net Na+ movement be?