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The Respiratory System: The Anatomy of Breathing

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Medicine Anatomy of Systems Quiz on The Respiratory System: The Anatomy of Breathing, created by Charlotte Jakes on 26/01/2020.
Charlotte Jakes
Quiz by Charlotte Jakes, updated more than 1 year ago
Charlotte Jakes
Created by Charlotte Jakes over 4 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which is true of inspiration?
Answer
  • The diaphragm contracts whilst the anterior abdominal wall relaxes
  • The diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall relax together
  • The diaphragm relaxes whilst the anterior abdominal wall contracts
  • The diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall contract together

Question 2

Question
Which is true of expiration?
Answer
  • The diaphragm contracts whilst the anterior abdominal wall relaxes
  • The diaphragm relaxes whilst the anterior abdominal wall contracts
  • The diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall contract together
  • The diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall relax together

Question 3

Question
Why is it difficult to breathe when lying on your back?
Answer
  • Difficult to push the liver up the lumbar curvature of the vertebral column
  • Difficult to push the liver up the thoracic curvature of the vertebral column
  • Phrenic nerves are compressed meaning diaphragm does not contract as strongly
  • Thoracic vertebrae are compressed meaning ribs cannot move as freely

Question 4

Question
Why does the intercostal space stiffen during quiet breathing?
Answer
  • Prevents bellowing
  • Conserves energy
  • Means diaphragm is most responsible for breathing
  • Prevents strain on the accessory respiratory muscles

Question 5

Question
Label this image to show some of the respiratory muscles.
Image:
Respiratory+Muscles (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Serratus anterior
  • External intercostals
  • Internal intercostals

Question 6

Question
Label this diagram to show the accessory muscles of respiration.
Image:
Accessory+Muscles+Of+Respiration (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Scalenus anterior
  • Scalenus anterior
  • Scalenus posterior
  • Sternocleidomastoid

Question 7

Question
Which of the following are actions of sternocleidomastoid?
Answer
  • Extends head
  • Flexes neck
  • Turns head
  • Forced respiration
  • Extends neck
  • Laterally flexes neck

Question 8

Question
What innervates sternocleidomastoid?
Answer
  • Accessory cranial nerve XI
  • Vagus nerve X
  • C3, C4, C5
  • T1-T4

Question 9

Question
Which of the following are functions of the scalene muscles
Answer
  • Lateral flexion of the neck
  • Flexion of the neck
  • Forced respiration
  • Extension of the neck
  • Turning the head

Question 10

Question
What innervates the scalene muscles?
Answer
  • Accessory cranial nerve XI
  • Cervical plexus
  • Vagus nerve
  • T1-T4

Question 11

Question
What is required to happen for an injury to be classed as flail chest?
Answer
  • Fracture of 3 ribs in 2 places
  • Fracture of 2 ribs in 3 places
  • Fracture of 3 ribs in one place
  • Fracture of 4 ribs in 2 places

Question 12

Question
In flail chest, what happens during inspiration?
Answer
  • Broken segment sucked in
  • Broken segment pushed out

Question 13

Question
In flail chest, what happens during expiration?
Answer
  • Broken segment sucked in
  • Broken segment pushed out

Question 14

Question
How do we describe the movement of the chest in flail chest?
Answer
  • The paradoxical movement
  • The contradictory movement
  • The opposite movement
  • The flail movement

Question 15

Question
When we fix the upper arms, which muscle are we recruiting to help lift the thoracic cage?
Answer
  • Pectoralis major
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Serratus anterior
  • Sternocleidomastoid

Question 16

Question
The muscles of the anterior abdominal wall can be used for forced expiration.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Which of the following are accessory muscles of inspiration?
Answer
  • Sternocleidomastoid
  • Scalenes
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Erector spinae
  • External intercostals
  • Internal intercostals
  • Diaphragm

Question 18

Question
Which of the following are principle muscles of inspiration?
Answer
  • Sternocleidomastoid
  • Scalenes
  • Pectoralis major
  • Erector spinae
  • Internal intercostals
  • External intercostals
  • Diaphragm

Question 19

Question
Which muscles are involved in expiration during active breathing?
Answer
  • Internal intercostals
  • Anterior abdominal muscles
  • Quadratus lumborum
  • External intercostals
  • Sternocleidomastoid
  • Scalenes
  • Pectoralis major

Question 20

Question
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the origins and insertions of the scalenes. The anterior scalene originates from the transverse processes of [blank_start]C3-C6[blank_end] and attaches onto the [blank_start]inner border of the first rib[blank_end]. The middle scalene originates from the transverse processes of [blank_start]C2-C7[blank_end] and attaches onto the inner border of the [blank_start]first rib[blank_end]. The posterior scalene originates from the transverse processes of [blank_start]C5-C7[blank_end] and attaches onto the [blank_start]second rib[blank_end].
Answer
  • C3-C6
  • C2-C7
  • C5-C7
  • inner border of the first rib
  • first rib
  • second rib

Question 21

Question
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the innervation of the scalenes. The anterior scalene is innervated by the [blank_start]anterior rami of C5-C6[blank_end]. The middle scalene is innervated by the [blank_start]anterior rami of C3-C8[blank_end]. The posterior scalene is innervated by the [blank_start]anterior rami of C6-C8[blank_end].
Answer
  • anterior rami of C5-C6
  • anterior rami of C3-C8
  • anterior rami of C6-C8
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