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Urinary System

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Part 1
kimberly mund
Quiz by kimberly mund, updated more than 1 year ago
kimberly mund
Created by kimberly mund about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the physiologic pr[blank_start]o[blank_end]cesses occurring to filtrate when it is within the kidneys? (elimination / regulation of what?) 5 steps
Answer
  • Elimination/Regulation (5 steps)

Question 2

Question
What enzyme does the kidney's release to regulate blood pressure, which hormone does it stimulate?
Answer
  • Renin, angiotensin II
  • Angiotensin II, Renin

Question 3

Question
What ions do the kidneys regulate to control blood ion balance?
Answer
  • CA, P, K, H
  • CA, K , H, Phosphate
  • NA, N, C, O
  • NA, CA, K, Phosphate

Question 4

Question
What functions do the kidney's perform?
Answer
  • Formation of Calcitriol (increases absorption of Calcium in small intestine)
  • Production and release of leukocytes (protects the body from attacks0
  • Production and release of erythropoietin (Secretes EPO, stimulates RB marrow to increase RBC formation)
  • Potential to engage in gluconeogenesis (produce glucose during fasting/starvation, maintains glucose levels

Question 5

Question
In general, kidneys take care of our blood, remove unwanted blood materials, maintain blood plasma concentration of the ions, regulate blood pH, maintain blood glucose, maintain number of RBC's, helps blood pressure.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
Gluconeogenesis produces glucose in times of fasting/starvation from noncarbohydrate sources
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
The urinary system is composed of what?
Answer
  • Kidneys
  • Ureters
  • Urinary Bladder
  • Urethra
  • Heart

Question 8

Question
One of the primary functions of the kidney's is to filter blood and convert it into urine
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
The liquid waste from the kidneys is transported by what to what?
Answer
  • Urinary bladder, Urethra
  • Ureters, Urethra
  • Urethra, Urinary Bladder
  • Ureters, Urinary bladder

Question 10

Question
What structure of the urinary system forms urine?
Answer
  • Urinary Bladder
  • Kidneys
  • Urethra

Question 11

Question
The urinary bladder is the expandable muscular sac which stores 1L of urine until it is eliminated from the body through the urethra
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
What are the two means by which the kidney helps to regulate blood pressure?
Answer
  • Fluid regulation
  • Releasing angiotensin II, stimulates renin
  • Releasing Renin, stimulates angiotensin II

Question 13

Question
The hilum apart of the kidney functions as what?
Answer
  • Vessels, nerves, and ureter connect to kidney
  • Concave medial border
  • vessels, nerves, lymph nodes connect to kidney

Question 14

Question
Kidneys are located along _______ abdominal wall and ____ to the vertebral column?
Answer
  • Anterior, Medial
  • Anterior, Superior
  • Posterior, Lateral
  • Posterior, Medial

Question 15

Question
The kidneys are positioned posterior to the parietal peritoneum in the retroperitoneal space.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
The kidneys are surrounded and supported by several tissue layers, which ones are they?
Answer
  • FIbrous capsule
  • Fibrous tract
  • Perinephric fat
  • Renal fascia
  • Renal capsid
  • Paranephric fat

Question 17

Question
The fibrous capsule that surrounds the kidney directly is made of dense regular connective tissue.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
The perinephric fat, just behind the fibrous capsule contains adipose connective tissue.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
The renal fascia, external to the perinephric fat is composed of dense irregular adipose tissue.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
The paranephric fat, the outermost layer of the kidneys, is composed of adipose connective tissue.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
The right kidney is about 2 centimeters superior to the left kidney.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Both kidneys are completely protected by the rib cage.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
The fibrous capsule of the kidney helps prevent infectious pathogens from penetrating it.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
The perinephric fat layer of the kidney helps anchor the kidney to surrounding structures.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
The perinephric fat provides cushion and support for the kidney.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
The paranephric fat also provides support and cushion for the kidney.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
What are the two distinct regions of the kidney?
Answer
  • Renal Papilla
  • Renal lobes
  • Renal Cortex
  • Renal Medulla

Question 28

Question
The renal columns extend from the medulla into the cortex to subdivide it.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
The medially directed apex (tip) of the renal pyramid called renal papilla
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 30

Question
Which disease is the failure of a kidney to develop? (can have unilateral or bilateral)
Answer
  • Renal agenesis
  • Horseshoe kidney
  • Supernumerary kidneys

Question 31

Question
Which is asymptomatic, which one is fatal: unilateral renal agenesis or bilateral renal agenesis.
Answer
  • Unilateral - fatal, bilateral, asymptomatic
  • Unilateral - asymptomatic, bilateral - fatal

Question 32

Question
A Pelvic kidney may occur if the developing kidney fails to migrate from the pelvic cavity to the abdominal cavity (are asymptomatic and function normally)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
What is the wide base of the renal pyramid lies at the external edge of the medulla, where it meets the cortex?
Answer
  • corticomedullary junction
  • corticomedullary border
  • both (same name)

Question 34

Question
The parenchyma of a human kidney can be dived into how many renal lobes?
Answer
  • 8 to 15
  • 6-12
  • 8-12

Question 35

Question
A renal lobe consists of a renal pyramid, portions of renal column, portions of renal columns adjacent to either side of the renal pyramid, and the renal cortex external to the pyramid base.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 36

Question
Each kidney contains a medially located space that serves as a urine drainage area called what?
Answer
  • renal calyces
  • renal sinus
  • minor sinus
  • minor calyx

Question 37

Question
The main function of the ________ is to filter blood and remove unwanted substances out of the body.
Answer
  • renal medulla
  • renal cortex

Question 38

Question
Housed within the space around the renal ______ are the renal artery, renal vein, lymph vessels, nerves, and a variable amount of fat.
Answer
  • sinus
  • pelvis
  • cortex
  • medulla

Question 39

Question
This kidney structure enwraps the apex of the renal pyramids. Following production in the kidney, urine enters into a minor calyx following a passage through a renal papilla located at the apex. It then enters into the Major calyx and is passed into the ureter through the renal pelvis.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
What is it called when extra kidneys that develop, but are rare and have no clinical significance.
Answer
  • Horseshoe kidneys
  • Supernumerary kidneys

Question 41

Question
What develops when the inferior parts of the left and right kidneys fuse and they ascent from the pelvic cavity into the abdominal cavity?
Answer
  • Supernumerary kidneys
  • Horseshoe kidney

Question 42

Question
The "dropping" or inferior movement of the kidney within the abdominal cavity.
Answer
  • hydronephrosis
  • hyponephrosis
  • renal ptosis

Question 43

Question
Urine backs up into the kidney which will result in a swelling of the kidney called hydronephrosis. If not treated, renal failure may occur.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 44

Question
The loss of adipose connective tissue in very thin elderly people or individuals with anorexia may result in renal ptosis.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
What three anatomic structures of the kidney are innervated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
Answer
  • juxtaglomerular apparatus, afferent and efferent arterioles
  • renal sinus, juxtaglomerular apparatus, renal pelvis
  • juxtaglomerular apparatus, renal papilla, renal colums
  • afferent and efferent arterioles, renal sinus

Question 46

Question
The general effect of sympathetic stimulation of the kidneys is to increase urine production.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 47

Question
What is the microscopic functional filtration unit of the kidney?
Answer
  • Renin
  • nephron

Question 48

Question
Each nephron consists of two major structures: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
All of the renal corpuscles and almost all of the renal tubules reside in the medulla.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
What is the enlarged, bulbous portion of a nephron housed within the renal cortex. Composed of two structures: glomerulus and the glomerular capsule.
Answer
  • Renal Tubule
  • Renal Corpuscle

Question 51

Question
The glomerulus is a thick tangle of capillary loops called the glomerular capillaries.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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