CHAPTERS SUMMARY

ELEMENTS

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Caption: : THE PERIODIC TABLE

WHAT ARE ATOMS

EVERY SUBSTANCE IN THE UNIVERSE IS MADE UP OF BUILDING BLOCK KNOWN AS ATOMS. THERE ARE ONLY 118 ATOMS BUT CAN BE ARRANGED IN DIFFERENT COMBINATION TO CREATE COUNTLESS TYPES OF DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES. ELEMENTS ARE SUBSTANCES THAT ARE MADE UP OF JUST ONE TYPE OF ATOM, THERE ARE ONLY 118 ATOMS. 92 OF THEM ARE NATURAL AND 26 ARE MAN MADE.

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Caption: : PICTURE OF AN ATOM

JUST HOW SMALL IS A ATOM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I (Embed)

Caption: : HOW SMALL IS AN ATOM

WHAT ARE ATOMS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1RMV5qhwyE (Embed)

TYPES OF ELEMENTS

ELEMENTS CAN BE BROADLY CLASSIFIED IN TO METALLIC AND NON-METALLIC. METALLIC ARE TEND TO BE SHINY, CONDUCT HEAT AND ELECTRICITY, CAN BE BENT AND DRAWN IN TO WIRES. NON-METALLIC TEND TO BE DULL, DO NOT CONDUCT HEAT OR ELECTRICITY, BREAK OR CRUMBLE WHEN YOU BEND THEM                (BRITTLE)

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Caption: : METALLIC AND NON-METALLIC

TYPES OF ATOMS

AS SINGLE ATOMS KNOW AS MON   ATOMIC IN CLUSTERS OF ATOMS CALLED  MOLECULES IN LARGE GRID LIKE STRUCTURES CALLED LATTICES

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WHAT ARE COMPOUNDS

In chemistry, a compound is a substance that results from a combination of two or more different chemical element s, in such a way that the atom s of the different elements are held together by chemical bonds that are difficult to break.

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Caption: : MOLECULES

WHAT ARE MIXTURES

MANY OF THE SUBSTANCES USED EVERY DAY ARE NOT SIMPLY CLEMENTS OR COMPOUNDS BUT ARE MIXTURES OF ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS. AIR FOR EXAMPLE IS A MIXTURE OF THE ELEMENT OXYGEN AND NITROGEN WITH COMPOUNDS SUCH AS WATER VAPOUR, CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBON MONOXIDE. IN MIXTURES THE ONLY DIFFERENCE IS THAT THEY ARE NOT CHEMICALLY JOINED

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Caption: : HERE IS A GOOD EXAMPLE EXPLAINING THE DIFFERENCE

TYPES OF MIXTURES

GASEOUS MIXTURES WHEN 2 GASES MIX TOGETHER THE PARTICLES OF GAS ARE SEPARATED BY LARGE DISTANCES        2. LIQUID MIXTURESWHEN 2 LIQUIDS MIX TOGETHER       3. ALLOYS ARE MIXTURE OF METALS OR NON METALLS

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EXPLAINED MIXTURES

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lNF3_30lUE#t=51.640838 (Embed)

HOW SMALL IS AN ATOM

THE ATOMIC THEORY OF MATTER

The word "atom" is derived from the Greek word "atomos", meaning indivisible. The philosopher Democritus (460-370 B.C.) believed that matter was composed of fundamentally indivisible particles, called "atomos". Dalton's atomic theory of 1803: Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms All atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are different and have different properties (including different masses) Atoms of an element are not changed into different types of atoms by chemical reactions; atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter; they are the smallest units of an element: An element is composed of only one kind of atom In compounds the atoms of two or more elements combine in definite arrangements Mixtures do not involve the specific interactions between elements found in compounds, and the elements which comprise the mixture can be of varying ratios

FLASH CARDS

• elements
• Unit 1.2 Compounds
• UNIT 1.3 FLASH CARDS

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Caption: : EVERY THING IS MADE UP OF ATOMS