10318160
Descripción
Test por Michael Jardine, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Michael Jardine
hace alrededor de 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Unlike Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle always recruits every cardiac muscle cell for every contraction. Consequently, contraction force can't be changed by recruiting different numbers of cells for each Compound Action Potential.
So... instead, contractile force is varied using [blank_start]_____[blank_end].
Respuesta
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intracellular [Ca]
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
How does increased availability of Calcium increase contractility?
Respuesta
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Binding of Ca to troponin causes movement of tropomyosin so it no longer blocks active site on actin.
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Binding of Ca to tropomyosin causes movement of troponin so it no longer blocks active site on actin.
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Binding of Ca to troponin causes movement of actin so it no longer blocks active site on tropomyosin.
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Binding of Ca to tropomyosin causes movement of actin so it no longer blocks active site on troponin.
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Binding of Ca to actin causes movement of tropomyosin so it no longer blocks active site on troponin.
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Binding of Ca to actin causes movement of troponin so it no longer blocks active site on tropomyosin.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
[Ca] gradients are pretty bloody important, so pumps and exchangers keep them at the "right" levels. These "right" levels are:
Outside the cell = [blank_start]_____[blank_end]
Inside the cell = [blank_start]_____[blank_end]
Inside the SR = [blank_start]_____[blank_end]
Respuesta
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0.1 μM
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1 000 μM
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2 000 μM
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0.1 μM
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1 000 μM
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2 000 μM
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0.1 μM
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1 000 μM
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2 000 μM
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Adrenaline (aka Epinephrine) has an inotropic effect on cardiac contractility.
Through the following pathway:
1 - binds to receptor on ventricular cell surface
2 - activates G-protein
3 - increased cAMP
4 - activated cAMP-dependent kinases
5 - phosphorylates key proteins whose properties change
6 - phosphorylated proteins include
(i) SM [sic.] Ca channel
(ii) SR Ca pump (phospholamban)
7 - [somethingorother] peak Ca (and force) to change timecourse of systole
...does it DECREASE or INCREASE contractility?
Respuesta
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decrease
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increase
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
SPARKS are:
Respuesta
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Spontaneous [brief] opening of one (or a few) Ryanodine Receptors.
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Spontaneous [prolonged] opening of one (or a few) Ryanodine Receptors.
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Spontaneous [brief] opening of one (or a few) SR Ca pumps.
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Spontaneous [prolonged] opening of one (or a few) SR Ca pumps.
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