27225662
Descripción
Test por Bryan Suringa, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Bryan Suringa
hace alrededor de 4 años
|
|
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What two enzymes are used to bypass the pyruvate kinase reaction of glycolysis?
I. pyruvate carboxylase
II. PEP carboxykinase (PEPCK)
III. Fructose bisphosphatase
IV. Glucose-6-phosphate
Respuesta
-
A. I & II
-
III & IV
-
II & IV
-
II & III
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following includes the main goals of Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
I. produce ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis
II. produce NADPH and NADP for oxidoreductive biochemical synthesis
III. to interconvert pentoses and hexoses
Respuesta
-
I & II
-
II & III
-
I & III
-
I, II & III
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the secondary structure of nucleic acids?
I. Guanine forms base pairs with cytosine via 2 hydrogen bonds
II. The B form of the DNA is the most common in biological systems
III. The breaking of H-bonds caused by high temperature is called melting
Respuesta
-
I,II & III
-
I & II
-
II & III
-
I & III
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
The phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate forms the potent secondary messengers inositol triphosphate & diacylglycerol via what enzyme?
Respuesta
-
Phospholipase A
-
Phospholipase C
-
Phospholipase D
-
Phospholipase B
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of the following is not true regarding the four enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain?
Respuesta
-
Complex I is known as the NADH-CoQ Oxidoreductases
-
Complex II is known as Succinate-CoQ Oxidoreductases
-
Complex III is known as Cytochrome Oxidase
-
Complex IV is known as Cytochrome Oxidase
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Glucose and mannose are epimers at:
Respuesta
-
Carbon 4
-
Carbon 2
-
Carbon 3
-
Carbon 5
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
One important endogenous molecule for synthetic biotransformation of xenobiotics is glucuronic acid. It is actually the most dominant conjugative biotransformation pathway due to the readily available source of glucose. It is produce from glucose via:
Respuesta
-
Oxidation at carbon 1
-
Oxidation at carbon 2
-
Oxidation at carbon 6
-
Oxidation at carbon 1 & 6
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following is not true about protein structure determination?
Respuesta
-
NMR is the only means of determining protein structure
-
Protein are difficult to crystallize, a disadvantage of x-ray crystallography
-
An advantage of the use of the NMR is that proteins analyzed are in their natural state
-
Large and very complex proteins can only be analyzed by x-ray crystallography
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Tertiary structures of proteins are primarily stabilized by
I. H-bonds
II. Hydrophobic interactions
III. Ionic bonds
IV. Disulfide bonds
Respuesta
-
I, II, III & IV
-
I, II& IV
-
I,III & IV
-
I & III
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
In an uncompetitive inhibition of enzymatic action :
Respuesta
-
Inhibitor binds either to the free enzyme or the enzyme substrate complex
-
Lineweaver-Burk plots of the enzyme alone (control) & the enzyme + inhibitor are parallel to each other
-
The apparent Km is raised
-
The Vmax is unaffected
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which biomolecule is not considered a biopolymer?
Respuesta
-
Proteins
-
Lipids
-
Nucleic acids
-
Carbohydrates
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
It is regarded as the universal biological energy currency
Respuesta
-
Adenosine triphosphate
-
Guanosine triphosphate
-
Uncouplers
-
Calories
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
This is the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration.
Respuesta
-
Complex I
-
Complex I&II
-
Nitrate
-
Oxygen
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The most accepted hypothesis regarding oxidative phosphorylation is
Respuesta
-
Chemical coupling
-
Conformational coupling
-
Chemiosmotic hypothesis
-
Lock and Key Theory
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
This is a quantitative study of the energy transformations in the living cell
Respuesta
-
Bioenergetics
-
Thermodynamics
-
Proteomics
-
Metabolomics
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle
Respuesta
-
ACTH
-
Glutamine
-
Epinephrine
-
Prolactin
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which vitamin can be used in the management of hyperlipidemia?
Respuesta
-
Thiamine
-
Riboflavin
-
Niacin
-
Pantothenic acid
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Bond between 2 amino acids
Respuesta
-
Glycosidic bond
-
N-glycosyl linkage
-
Peptide Bond
-
Hydrogen bond
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Beta oxidation of fatty acids in eukaryotic cells occurs in the
Respuesta
-
Cytosol
-
Mitochondria
-
Endoplasmic reticulum
-
Ribosomes
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
The pentose phosphate pathway (aka HMP Shunt) occurs in the ________ of the liver, muscle and kidney.
Respuesta
-
cytosol
-
mitochondria
-
endoplasmic reticulum
-
ribosomes
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The isoelectric point is the
Respuesta
-
pH where the alpha amino acid exist in its negatively charged form
-
pH wherein the amino acid exist in zwitterionic form
-
Temperature at which the amino acid denatures
-
Pressure at which the amino acid hydrolyzes
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
This is the only optically inactive amino acid
Respuesta
-
methionine
-
Lysine
-
Citrulline
-
glycine
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
This level of protein structure is applicable only to those have several subunits
Respuesta
-
Primary
-
Secondary
-
Tertiary
-
Quaternary
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Arginine is the only metabolite of the urea cycle that does not accumulate because
Respuesta
-
It is readily excreted
-
It is used up by the body for protein synthesis
-
There is no known deficiency in the enzyme that catabolizes it
-
It can be acquired from food
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
This is the genetic condition characterized by deficiency of the enzyme branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase
Respuesta
-
Maple syrup disease
-
Hartnup disease
-
Kwashiorkor
-
Marasmus
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
These are compounds related to cerebrosides that contain sphingosine, long chain fatty acids, hexoses (usually galactose or glucose) and neuraminic acid
Respuesta
-
cephalins
-
gangliosides
-
cytolipins
-
lecithins
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
This enzyme catalyzes the conversion fructose-6-P to fructose-1,6-bis-P
Respuesta
-
hexokinase
-
pyruvate kinase
-
PFK-1
-
Fructose bisphosphatase
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which of the following is called transamination?
Respuesta
-
Conversion of amino acids to hydroxyl groups
-
Conversion of amino acids to keto acids
-
Loss of ammonia from amino acids
-
Formation of ammonium salts from ammonia
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
The sugar involved in the DNA
Respuesta
-
ribose
-
pentose
-
deoxyribose
-
xylose
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
This is the reason why blood AB is considered as the universal recipient.
Respuesta
-
It is the most common among the ABO blood types
-
Blood type AB has neither A nor B substances
-
Blood type AB has no anti-A or anti-B antibodies
-
All of the above
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which one is true regarding the structures of lipids?
Respuesta
-
Eicosapentaenoic acid is a saturated fatty acid
-
They may exist as esters of cholesterol when they are enclosed in very low density
-
Linoleic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid
-
Capric acid contains 12 carbons
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
This is the product of basic hydrolysis of fats and oils
Respuesta
-
fatty acid
-
triacylglycerol
-
soap
-
detergent
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
The group of lipids that is considered amphipathic
Respuesta
-
sterols
-
fatty acids
-
trans-fatty acids
-
phospholipids
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which properly describes a liposome?
Respuesta
-
It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous cavity
-
It is a lipid structure wherein the hydrophobic chains of the fatty acids are sequestered at the core of the sphere with virtually no water in the hydrophobic interior
-
It is a lipoprotein integrated in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membranes
-
It is a hollow sphere-like structure composed of a lipid monolayer enclosing a hydrophobic cavity
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
It is the building block of essential fatty acids
Respuesta
-
Malonyl CoA
-
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate
-
Acetyl CoA
-
HMG CoA
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the________.
Respuesta
-
mouth
-
stomach
-
small intestine
-
duodenum
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Cellular elements of the blood devoid of nucleus
Respuesta
-
RBC
-
WBC
-
thrombocytes
-
all of the above
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates
Respuesta
-
nucleoproteins
-
glycoproteins
-
phosphoproteins
-
chromoproteins
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Glucose is normally absent in the urine because kidneys normally completely reabsorb all glucose. Which of the following is true?
Respuesta
-
Glucosuria confirms diabetes mellitus
-
Glucosuria necessarily means hyperglycemia
-
Glucosuria is solely attributed to insulin problem
-
Glucosuria may occur in other disease states
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome which can cause acute confusion, ataxia and ophthalmoplegia, can be treated with which of the following?
Respuesta
-
riboflavin
-
ascorbic acid
-
thiamine
-
pantothenic acid
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
This is the major excretory product of purine nucleotides
Respuesta
-
inosine monophosphate
-
uric acid
-
methylmalonyl CoA
-
tetrahydrofolate
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
This is the phenomena of renaturation of nucleic acid after it has been subjected to high temperature and then to room temperature
Respuesta
-
Hydrolysis
-
Polymerase chain reaction
-
annealing
-
hybridization
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
This is the base sequence for the start codon
Respuesta
-
UAG
-
UGA
-
AUG
-
UAA
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
This feature of bacterial cells confers selectivity of antibacterial agents targeting protein synthesis to the bacteria and not to the host cell.
Respuesta
-
mRNA
-
40s ribosomal subunit
-
lack of cell wall
-
30s ribosomal subunit
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
This is also known as the RNA-directed DNA polymerase
Respuesta
-
RNA polymerase II
-
Reverse transcriptase
-
DNA polymerase alpha
-
DNA polymerase II
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
What essential amino acid is used in the synthesis of niacin?
Respuesta
-
Tyrosine
-
Methionine
-
tryptophan
-
Phenylalanine
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The cellular particles are often referred to by their sedimentation coefficient value, for example 70s ribosomes that are expressed in terms of 10 -13 seconds. The abbreviation “s” stands for
Respuesta
-
subunit
-
Seconds
-
Svedberg
-
None of the above
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
The best known building blocks of RNA and DNA are
Respuesta
-
purines
-
pyrimidines
-
fatty acids
-
a and b
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
The following are pathological constituents of urine, except:
Respuesta
-
glucose
-
albumin
-
creatinine
-
blood
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Glucose and galactose differ only in the configuration of their hydroxyl group at carbon 4. Glucose and galactose are:
Respuesta
-
diastereomers
-
enantiomers
-
epimers
-
anomers
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
The chemical representation shows the most stable conformation of hexoaldopyranoses
Respuesta
-
Fischer projection
-
Boat conformation
-
Haworth Formula
-
Chair conformation
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
These are vegetables or animal drugs that consist of natural substances that have undergone only the process of collection and drying
Respuesta
-
natural substances
-
crude drugs
-
Extractives
-
Derivatives
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
What do you call plants growing in their native countries?
Respuesta
-
indigenous
-
naturalized
-
cultivated
-
local
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
What is used to treat cascara sagrada extract to reduce its bitter taste?
Respuesta
-
Magnesium oxide
-
Calcium carbonate
-
Simple syrup
-
Talc
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
What type of saponin glycosides are derivatives of steroids with spiroketal side chains?
Respuesta
-
Acid saponins
-
Alkaline saponins
-
Neutral saponins
-
None of the above
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
This is the final step in the preparation of drugs for the commercial market, consisting of the removal of extraneous matter.
Respuesta
-
Packaging
-
Preservation
-
Garbling
-
Harvesting
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Natural relationship existing among plants and among animals
Respuesta
-
taxonomy
-
morphology
-
phylogeny
-
Systematics
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
8. In the preservation of crude drugs, this method is the simplest in preventing insect attacks and other form of destruction
Respuesta
-
Exposure of the drug to a temperature of 65°C
-
Use of methyl chloride
-
adding a few drops of benzene
-
AOTA
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
This refers to the evaluation by means of the sense organs and includes the macroscopic appearance of the drug, odor, taste, sound upon fracture and feel to the touch
Respuesta
-
Physical Analysis
-
Chemical Analysis
-
Proximate Analysis
-
Organoleptic Analysis
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
The first commercial application of the technique in pharmaco-biotechnology was made by Eli Lilly Company. Using the non-disease producing strain of E.coli, this company produced the hormone
Respuesta
-
Glucagon
-
somatostatin
-
insulin
-
somatomedin
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Which of the following may influence the secondary constituents of plant drugs?
Respuesta
-
genetic composition
-
ontogeny
-
environment
-
all of the above
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
These are products of natural origin many of which without therapeutic effect used by the laity in the self-treatment of diseases.
Respuesta
-
Health Foods
-
Crude drugs
-
Extracts
-
AOTA
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
I. Gums and mucilages are carbohydrates
II. Streptomycin is a carbohydrate
III. The concentration of secondary metabolites increases with age
IV. Biogenesis refers to the study of biochemical pathways leading to the formation of secondary constituents used as drugs
Respuesta
-
I, II and IV
-
I, II and III
-
I and III
-
III Only
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
Which of the following pairs is correct?
Respuesta
-
reserpine-hypotensive
-
sambong-stomachic
-
bayabas-diuretic
-
lagundi-analgesic
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Respuesta
-
Synthetic Camphor is levorotatory
-
Natural Camphor is dextrorotatory
-
Both natural and semisynthetic camphor are racemic
-
NOTA
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
Give the proper sequence of the following processes in the preparation of natural drugs.
I. Garbling
II. Collection
III. Drying
IV. Harvesting
V. Packaging
Respuesta
-
III-I-IV-II-V
-
II-IV-III-I-V
-
II-I-IV-V-III
-
IV-I-III-V-II
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
This classification of drugs considers the natural relationship or phylogeny among plants and animals.
Respuesta
-
taxonomic
-
morphologic
-
zoologic
-
zoologic and taxonomic
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
The source of bassorin
Respuesta
-
acacia
-
Karaya
-
gum
-
Tragacanth
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
Mannitol is used pharmacologically as a/an
Respuesta
-
humectant
-
osmotic diuretic
-
anti-infective
-
urologic irritant
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Which of the following is/are homoglycan(s)?
Respuesta
-
starch
-
starch and inulin
-
inulin
-
gums
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
The milk left after separation of the cream
Respuesta
-
cheese
-
condensed milk
-
skimmed milk
-
buttermilk
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
Fermentation product from molasses
Respuesta
-
wine
-
whiskey
-
rum
-
brandy
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
It is also known as the carob pulp or St. John's Bread
Respuesta
-
locust bean
-
Xanthan
-
guar
-
acacia
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
It tastes approximately half as sweet as sucrose, and has humectant properties which makes it a useful ingredient in toothpastes, chewing gums, and dietetic products.
Respuesta
-
mannitol
-
fructose
-
dulcitol
-
sorbitol
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
A pharmaceutical aid in the preparation of collodion and flexible collodion.
Respuesta
-
methylcellulose phthalate
-
soluble guncotton
-
powdered cellulose
-
cellulose acetate
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Gum usually used as a substitute for acacia
Respuesta
-
ghatti
-
tragacanth
-
karaya
-
algin
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
It is also referred to as Japanese Isinglass, and is extensively used as a gel in bacteriologic culture media.
Respuesta
-
carrageenan
-
agar
-
chondrus
-
cydonium
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
Powdered cellulose is the purified, mechanically disintegrated cellulose used as a self-binding tablet diluent and disintegrating agent. Which of the following statements regarding powdered cellulose is correct?
A) The purity of cellulose is defined by its solubility in hydrochloric acid.
B) The cellulose remaining insoluble is termed a-cellulose.
C) The greater the quantity of a-cellulose present, the higher the quality of the material.
Respuesta
-
B and C only
-
A and B only
-
B only
-
NOTA
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
The most important monosaccharides found in plants
Respuesta
-
hexoses
-
pentoses
-
heptoses
-
octoses
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Which of the following is a source of sucrose?
Respuesta
-
Acer saccharum
-
Bos taurus
-
Prunus cerasus
-
Sorbus aucuparia
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is/are true?
Respuesta
-
Dextrose is a-(L)-glucopyranose
-
Dextrose is obtained from controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch
-
Dextrose can only be given PO and IV
-
AOTA
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
This is a product obtained from the incomplete hydrolysis of starch. It is a colorless or yellowish, thick syrupy liquid that is nearly odorless and tastes sweet.
Respuesta
-
liquid dextrose
-
liquid sucrose
-
liquid dextrin
-
liquid glucose
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
Which of the following pairs is correct?
Respuesta
-
Ferrous gluconate - hematinic
-
Xylose-laxative
-
Lactulose-diagnostic aid
-
AOTA
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
Which of the following statements refers to fructose?
A) from honey
B) obtained from the inversion of aqueous solutions of sucrose
C) upon hydrolysis, sucrose yields a higher fructose than dextrose content
Respuesta
-
A and B only
-
B and C only
-
C only
-
B only
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
In milk processing, the liquid separated from coagulum is known as
Respuesta
-
condensed milk
-
butter
-
buttermilk
-
whey
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
This is a pentose also known as wood sugar, which is obtained by boiling corn cobs, straw, or similar materials with dilute acid to hydrolyze the polymer.
Respuesta
-
ribose
-
xylose
-
erythrose
-
trehalose
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
Which of the following statements concerning lactulose is true?
Respuesta
-
Natural sugar prepared by acidic rearrangement of lactose
-
Trisaccharide
-
Well absorbed
-
Bacteria in the colon metabolize it to acetic acid and lactic acid
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
Xylose is used as a /an
Respuesta
-
diuretic
-
pharmaceutical excipient
-
binder
-
diagnostic aid
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
In glycolysis, what enzyme is involved in the conversion of 3 phosphoglyceraldehyde to 1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid?
Respuesta
-
kinase
-
aldolase
-
dehydrogenase
-
isomerase
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
Aside from thiamine pyrophosphate, what coenzyme/cofactor aids in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid with pyruvic acid dehydrogenase?
Respuesta
-
NAD
-
Lipoic Acid
-
FAD
-
Mg
Pregunta 91
Pregunta
Glucose-6-PO, is converted to ____ upon the action of phosphohexose isomerase.
Respuesta
-
Glucose-1-Phosphate
-
Fructose-6-Phosphate
-
Fructose-1.6-Diphosphate
-
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Pregunta 92
Pregunta
Pyruvic acid, upon the action of pyruvic acid decarboxylase yields ____
Respuesta
-
ethanol
-
lactic acid
-
methanol
-
acetaldehyde
Pregunta 93
Pregunta
Alcohol dehydrogenase acts on acetaldehyde to yield ____
Respuesta
-
lactic acid
-
pyruvic acid
-
ethanol
-
AOTA
Pregunta 94
Pregunta
Which tricarboxylic acid was first isolated by scheele in 1784
Respuesta
-
citric acid
-
Tartaric acid
-
lactic acid
-
fumaric acid
Pregunta 95
Pregunta
This acid is a byproduct of wine
Respuesta
-
citric acid
-
tartaric acid
-
lactic acid
-
fumaric acid
Pregunta 96
Pregunta
This acid used as an acidulant especially in feeding formulas
Respuesta
-
Citric acid
-
tartaric acid
-
lactic acid
-
fumaric acid
Pregunta 97
Pregunta
Which of the following may be produced from the process of distillation?
Respuesta
-
whiskey
-
rum
-
brandy
-
AOTA
Pregunta 98
Pregunta
Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
Respuesta
-
Wine is sometimes used medically as a mild stimulant and tonic
-
Brandy is used as CNS stimulant
-
Whiskey is used as CNS stimulant
-
AOTA
Pregunta 99
Pregunta
Which of the following is obtained from Fraxinus ornus I. (Fam. Oleaceae), and is used for its laxative properties?
Respuesta
-
glucitol
-
mannitol
-
Sorbitol
-
Lactose
Pregunta 100
Pregunta
What is the usual diagnostic dose of mannitol injection?
Respuesta
-
200 mg/kg body weight in a 15-25% solution IV in 3-5 minutes
-
50-100g daily in a 5-25% solution by IV infusion
-
200 g/kg body weight in a 15-25% solution in 3-5 minutes
-
50-100 kg daily in a 5-25% solution by IV infusion
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