Cardiorespiratory System.

Pregunta	Respuesta
(5) Functions of the Circulatory System.	1. Carrying oxygen and nutrients to body cells. 2. Circulate blood. 3. Transport wastes away from cells. 4. Maintain body temperature. 5. Fight infections.
(4) Functions of the Blood.	1. Transport nutrients and oxygen. 2. Regulate body fluid. 3. Temperature regulation. 4. Protecting the body.
(4) Parts of Blood.	1. Plasma: liquid part, suspends substances. 2. Red Blood Cells: transports nutrients and oxygen to cells, and removes CO2 and waste. 3. White Blood Cells: fight infection. 4. Platelets: clot blood.
Blood Vessels. (3) Types of Blood Vessels.	Carry blood around the body. 1. Arteries. 2. Veins. 3. Capillaries.
Arteries.	Carry blood away from the heart. Blood pushed through by heart pumping. Carries oxygenated blood (except for pulmonary artery).
Veins.	Carry blood to the heart. Skeletal muscle contractions and valves pushes blood along. Carries deoxygenated blood (except for pulmonary vein).
Capillaries.	Tiny blood vessels. Allow passing of oxygen to tissues and removal of wastes.
Sections of the Heart.	Two sides (left and right) consisting of four chambers (left/right atriums, left/right ventricles). Right side of heart: deoxygenated blood. Left side of heart: oxygenated blood.
Pulse.	Flow/surge of blood through the arteries at each heart beat. Felt in vessels near skins surface.
Stroke Volume.	Amount of blood pumped by heart with each beat.
Heart Rate.	Amount of beats per minute.
(3) Steps of the Cardiac Cycle.	1. Diastole: atria and ventricles relax, chambers fill. 2. Atrial Systole: atria contract, blood forced into ventricles. 3. Ventricular Systole: ventricles contract, blood forced into the arteries.
Pulmonary Circulation.	Right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from body and pumps it to lungs. Heart - Lungs - Heart.
Systemic Circulation.	Left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from lungs and pumps it to the body. Heart - Body - Heart.
Systolic Pressure.	Height of pressure peaks during hearts contraction.
Diastolic Pressure.	Lowest pressure between beats. When heart is refilling.
Blood Pressure.	Force exerted by the blood against the artery walls. Needed to maintain constant blood flow.
(4) Functions of the Respiratory System.	1. Deliver oxygen from the atmosphere to lungs. 2. Gas exchange. 3. Create speech. 4. Sense of smell.
Nasal Cavity.	Air enters the respiratory system.
Pharynx.	Where the nasal cavity and mouth meet.
Larynx.	Produces sound when air passes over. Voice box.
Trachea.	Assists with air delivery to lungs.
Bronchi.	Two tubes that branch off the trachea. Provides air to lungs.
Bronchioles.	Branches of bronic, subdivisions.
Alveoli.	Tiny air sacs at the end of each bronchiole. Surrounded by capillaries. Gas exchange takes place.
Lungs.	Located within the thoracic cavity. Protected by the sternum, ribs and vertebral column. Contain; bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. Gas exchange occurs within alveoli.
Diaphragm.	Involuntary, smooth muscle. Contracts and relaxes subconsciously to aid breathing. Movement alters the size of the chest cavity.
Mechanics of Breathing.	Two movements operating on the principle of diffusion. Image: 04cff85c-64c6-4a7c-ba57-127332a3d889 (image/png)
Lung Capacity.	Amount of air in the lungs following maximum inspiration.
Vital Capacity.	Greatest volume of air that can be expired after maximum inspiration.
Tidal Volume.	Amount of air that is inspired and expired with each normal breath.
(5) Steps of Gas Exchange.	1. Air breathed into alveoli is high in oxygen but low in CO2. 2. Blood in capillaries is low in oxygen but high in CO2. 3. Air moves via the principle of diffusion from high concentration to low concentration. 4. Oxygen moves into blood from alveoli and CO2 into alveoli. 5. CO2 is breathed out and oxygen travels to the heart in the blood.

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	Creado por JoseFINE Capolingua hace alrededor de 9 años