Bio 216: Nervous System, Neuron, Sensory Systems

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Bio 216: Nervous System, Neuron, Sensory Systems
  1. Nervous System
    1. CNS
      1. composed of
        1. brain
          1. development
            1. at 4 weeks
              1. forebrain
                1. at 5 weeks
                  1. telencephalon
                    1. adult
                      1. cerebrum
                    2. diencephalon
                      1. adult
                        1. thalamus
                          1. hypothalamus
                    3. midbrain
                      1. 5 weeks
                        1. mesencephalon
                          1. adult
                            1. midbrain
                      2. hindbrain
                        1. at 5 weeks
                          1. metencephalon
                            1. adult
                              1. cerebellum
                                1. pons
                              2. myelancephalon
                                1. adult
                                  1. medulla oblongata
                        2. lobes
                          1. frontal
                            1. functions
                              1. thinking
                                1. organizing
                                  1. planning
                                    1. problem solving
                                      1. memory
                                        1. attention
                                          1. movement
                                        2. parietal
                                          1. function
                                            1. perception
                                              1. integration of senses
                                            2. occipital
                                              1. vision
                                              2. temporal
                                                1. function
                                                  1. smell
                                                    1. taste
                                                      1. sound
                                                        1. formation and storage of memories
                                                  2. spinal cord
                                                2. PNS
                                                  1. divided into
                                                    1. afferent system
                                                      1. receptors to CNS
                                                      2. efferent system
                                                        1. CNS to effectors
                                                          1. divided into
                                                            1. somatic
                                                              1. mostly voluntary
                                                              2. autonomic
                                                                1. involuntary
                                                                  1. divided into
                                                                    1. sympathetic
                                                                      1. involves
                                                                        1. fight or flight
                                                                      2. parasympathetic
                                                                        1. involves
                                                                          1. "rest or digest"
                                                          2. Neuron
                                                            1. structure
                                                              1. in order of signal propogation
                                                                1. dendrites
                                                                  1. cell body
                                                                    1. nucleus
                                                                      1. axon hillock
                                                                        1. axon
                                                                          1. signal velocity increased by
                                                                            1. myelin sheath
                                                                              1. saltatory conduction
                                                                                1. along
                                                                                  1. nodes of Ranvier
                                                                              2. axon terminal
                                                                  2. signal conduction
                                                                    1. resting potential
                                                                      1. -70mV
                                                                        1. established by
                                                                          1. sodium
                                                                            1. potassium
                                                                          2. acetycholine
                                                                            1. stimulates
                                                                              1. opening of Na+ voltage-gated channels
                                                                                1. causing
                                                                                  1. membrane potential to depolarize
                                                                                    1. threshold reached
                                                                                      1. rapid influx of + charges
                                                                                        1. after peak of AP
                                                                                          1. repolarization
                                                                                            1. hyperpolarization
                                                                                              1. refractory period
                                                                                                1. return to
                                                                                                  1. resting potential
                                                                                                2. both
                                                                                            2. -50mV
                                                                                2. membrane potential established by
                                                                                  1. difference in electrical charge on 2 sides of the membrane
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