3748533
Description
Flashcards by clayton.breit, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by clayton.breit
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| The process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information | Memory |
| The first process in recoding memory | Encoding |
| Information must be encoded and ____ so it can be retrieved later | stored |
| Can store information for only a short period of time | Sensory memory |
| Information is stored in sensory memory for how long? | A very short time |
| Memory that typically is forgotten in less than 30 seconds | Short-term memory |
| First stage of memory where information is stored briefly | Sensory memory |
| Information is stored in this by using memory strategies such as chunking | short-term memory |
| When we reconstruct memories from our past, we tend to remember information in terms of | schemas |
| You have a very vivid memory of the events of September 11, 2001. This is probably a ____ memory | flashbulb |
| When we sometimes forget because nothing triggers our memory of a specific bit of information | cue-dependent forgetting |
| one's recollections of their own life experiences | autobiographical memory |
| Memory loss that occurs without other mental difficulties | amnesia |
| used when determining a correct answer in a multiple choice question | recognition |
| ____ is a memory strategy used to group information whereas, ____ is repeating information over and over | chunking, rehearsal |
| Knowing how to parallel park and the ability to tie your shoes are examples of what kind of memory? | procedural memory |
| the memory system that holds information while actively manipulating the information | working memory |
| when items presented at the end of a list is remembered best | recency effect |
| Linda recalls the car accident that occurred in front of her as she stood waiting for the bus. Linda could say that the details were recalled using ____ memory processing | flashbulb |
| forgetting that occurs because previous learning conflicted with recalling newer information | proactive interference |
| In a model of memory using a computer, the computer's hard drive would be similar to the ____ process of memory | storage |
| The more we think about and analyze something, the more likely we are to be able to ____ it later | remember |
| Knowledge is stored in ____ networks in mental representations of cluster o interconnected information | semantic networks |
| Levels-of-processing theory suggests one way to remember something is to | think about it |
| critical step to be able to recall information accurately | encoding |
| term used to describe the ability to remember information on a list and where it is listed on the list | position effect |
| Creating a rhyme to remember the states and capitols | mnemonics |
| When we cannot quite recall some information, but we once knew it, we are having a failure of | long-term memory retrieval |
| syndrome resulting from chronic consumption of alcohol | Korsakoff's |
| results in a gradual decline in cognitive abilities | Alzheimer's disease |
| Memory for factual information, names, faces, dates, and the like is called ____ memory, whereas memory for skills and habits such as riding a bike or hitting a baseball, is called ____ memory | declarative, procedural |
| The two parts of this type of explicit memory are episodic and semantic | declarative |
| Automatically completing the steps of doing the laundry involves | implicit memory |
| organized body of information that helps us to understand a situation, but can also bias our interpretation of a situation | schema |
| Cue-dependent forgetting occurs where there is a lack of | retrieval cues in the environment |
| Overlearning is continuing to study and learn material after it has been | learned |
| Betty hit her head in a car accident. Since then, she can remember things after the accident, but cannot recall items from before the accident. This is an example of | Retrograde amnesia |
| One way to increase the amount of information that can be retained in short-term memory is to | chunk the information |
| Occurs when exposure to a concept makes it easier to later recall things that are related to the concept | Priming |
| Term used to describe the fact that Laura could only recall the first items listed on her grocery list | Primacy effect |
| Gill remembered many details about his life prior to a head wound he sustained in the Gulf War. However, he was unable to remember from day to day the new friends he made in the convalescent home or the explanation of his situation by the doctors. This is an example of | Anterograde amnesia |
| Part of working memory that handles information relating to speech | Verbal store |
| located below the cortex and is important for consolidation of memory | Hippocampus |
| where memories are stored in the brain | Cerebral cortex |
| can be inaccurate because of the wording of questions | Eyewitness accounts |
| Elaborative rehearsal takes advantage of ____ to increase retention in long-term memory | Semantic networks |
| occurs when individuals have memories for some material but cannot recall where it was encountered | Source amnesia |
| the two parts of ____ memory are episodic and semantic | Declarative |
| According to levels-of-processing theory, we are most likely to remember things if we consider | What they mean |
| states that the passage of time always increases forgetting | Decay theory |
| When using the working memory other cognitive functions become ____ aware | Less |
| ____ memories is when an individual are unable to recall the source of a memory, whereas ____ memories is recalling a memory is too traumatic so one pushing the memory into the unconscious | False, repressed |
| Interference occurs when | The instructor keeps talking as you are trying to write own what she just said |
| involves linking things that you know with things that you want to learn | Keyword technique |
| effective note taking requires | Thinking about what is said before writing it down |
| The structures of memory, including the capacity of short and long-term memory are ____ influenced by culture | Not |
| memories that you are not consciously aware of creating | Implicit memories |
| engrams are | not yet defined |
| About how long does the consolidation of long-term memories take? | Several days and up to several years |
| Being unable to recall tour grocery list until you are at the store and see some of the items you need on the shelves Is an example of what type of forgetting? | Cue-dependent forgetting |
| Ebbinghaus's research on memory may have led to some misunderstandings about memory because | he was his only participant |
| ____ memory reliability are highly vulnerable to influence of others during recollection of eyewitness accounts | Children's |
| short-term memory can retain about ____ pieces of information | 5 to 9 |
| Long-term recall is helped by this, which involves studying and rehearsing after one has initially mastered the material | Overlearning |
| cultural differences can be seen in | the way in which information is acquired and rehearsed |
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