48429
Description
Flashcards by Bhavi Mistry, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bhavi Mistry
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| epileptic focus | Region of the brain where the seizure originates from |
| Paroxysmal Depolarising Shift | burst firing before a seizure |
| Simple seizures | no loss of consciousness |
| complex seizures | loss of consciousness |
| Generalised seizures | not localised to one hemisphere |
| Contractions | tonic clonic atonic tonic-clonic |
| Absence seizures | Pressing pause |
| Components of the PAD | Interictal spike Ictal seizure Post ictal depression |
| Interictal spike | Burst firing due to change in AP |
| Ictal seizure | Membrane remains depolarised for a long time --> no repolarisation |
| Post ictal depression | no activity "conc" out |
| Determinants of PAD | Calcium channels Hyperpolarisation and repolarisation (potassium activated calcium channels) Sodium (for depolarisation and ap generation) |
| Tigabine | Targets gaba transporters in neurone and glial cells inhibits gaba reuptake |
| *Vigabatrin | GABA-T Prevents GABA degradation into succinic semialdehyde and eventually succinate |
| Valproate | GABA and GLU metabolism Increases GABA, Decreases GLU Potentiates GABA at GABAaRs (Cl- ch) Treatment of absence seizures |
| Tezampenel | AMPA antagonist Kainiate/NMDA antagonist Decreases the action of GLU Potential agonist at metabotropic Glu receptors (--> decrease of GLU) Psychosis and memory impairment |
| Carbamezipine | - Na+ Ch/use-dependent block Holds the channel in its inactive state where it has an enhanced effect (burst firing neurons are active here in the interictal phase) Partial, General seizures and neuropathic pain |
| Phenytoin | Na+ Ch inhibitor Voltage gated Ca2+ ch inhibitor Partial, general seizures |
| Phenobarbitone | Potentiates GABA at GABAa Receptors Partial and general seizures |
| Diazepam | Potentiates GABA at GABAa. Status epilepticus (children) Used if seizure +5mins as tonic contractions can be fatal (resp depression) Tolerance problems |
| Ethosuximide | Blocks t type ca channels Targets release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic terminals |
| Iamotrigine | Inhibits Na+ Ch |
| Gabapentine | Calcium channel inhibitor Binds to alpha 2 delta subunit and prevents trafficking of Neurotransmitter vesicle to plasma membrane Neuropathic pain |
| *Leuiteracetam | Binds to SV2A protein prevents NT being packaged into vesicles |
| *Topimarate | Sodium channel inhibitor Calcium channel inhibitor Migraine treatment |
| *Zonisamide | Na Channel block ?others |
| Felbamate | NMDA channel antagonist GABA a potentiator SE: Anticonvulsant? |
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