Jessica Coleman and Brittany Smith

Annotations:

• Use the Note Area to cite sources of information you found. Click the upper right corner of the box to make the note pad appear, then type.

1. Level 2: Sources Before 2010. In the bubbles below, record the main idea of each of the five articles we read for the discussion posts. Use dates in APA style.
   1. How Schools Shortchange Girls talks about how women are challenged in school and in the workplace. They fall behind in higher level math and in self-esteem. They are also discriminated against in the workplace.
   2. Greene (1976) says that be open minded to both genders. They need to respond differently to each as a person, not as a gender. Educators need to be aware of the differences of their students for change to occur.

      Annotations:

      • Note the citation here - it is APA style.  The author's last name and the date of the article/book.  Then at the end, you would have a list of references in APA style that would include the name of the article/book - like what most of you did for your biography project.
   3. Whitmire (2004) states that more girls go to college and succeed more than boys do. More girls end up being teachers, and they teach in a way that connects with girls over boys.

      Annotations:

      • http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/opinion/2004-12-02-boys-girls-academics_x.htm
   4. The Truth About Boys and Girls, Mead (2006), states that boys are achieving more than they have in the past, but girls are achieving more. Boys are more likely to have academic failure. Ethnicity and SES are bigger factors than gender.
   5. The Problem with Gender Based Education, Mead (2008), states that some schools are segregating classes based on gender, or havecompletely segregated schools. There are not enough resources to defend this statement.
2. Level 2: Sources After 2010. Choose 5 of the 8 new articles I provided, or search the web for others. Any combination is also fine. In the bubbles below, record the main idea of each.
   1. Heitin (2014) discusses that boys tend to excel in science because the teachers cater their classes towards boys. The boys feel much more confident in this subject compared to others.
   2. Adams (2013) states that a higher percentage of girls are attending college than boys. The secondary school that they attend has a factor on their college enrollment.
   3. Robelen (2013) states that boys do better in math than girls, and girls excel over boys in reading. The gender gaps in reading and math were also seen in other nations that have high gender equality.
   4. Sparks (2014) states that boys involved in church and the arts are more likely to have a higher GPA than girls in the same activity. Girls who are involved in sports are more likely to have a higher GPA than boys who are in sports.
   5. Robelen (2013) states that girls experience more general math anxiety than boys. Anxiety levels were measured when taking a test, and the results showed no differences between genders. Teachers should encourage girls to not be anxious about math and should identify their math achievement.
3. Level 1: At least three connections go in bubbles on this level. What have you found to remain the same throughout both time periods (before 2010 and after 2010) concerning girls' and boys' ed? Write these connections in boxes/bubbles on this level.

   Annotations:

   • Here is where you show evidence of your thinking. Connect the pieces about boys and girls' education that you have found to be the same in sources before 2010 (which we read for the discussions) and in sources you found dated after 2010.
   1. Mead (2006) and Adams (2013) state that there is a higher percentage of girls going to college than boys.
   2. Whitmire (2004) and Robelen (2013) discuss that girls exceed over boys in verbal skills and English/Language Arts.

      Annotations:

      • http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/opinion/2004-12-02-boys-girls-academics_x.htm
   3. How Schools Shortchange Girls (1992), Robelen (2013), and Heitin (2014) state that boys have continued to do better than girls in math and science.
   4. Mead (2006) and Segal (2013) state that more girls than boys take the SAT, but the boys score higher.
4. Level 3: What differences in the updated information did you find? Compare articles dated after 2010 to those dated before 2010. Record at least three.
   1. Heitin (2014) stated that boys and girls perform evenly in math and science, while Mead (2006) stated that boys outperform girls on standardized tests. These tests involve questions relating to math and science.
   2. Whitmire (2004) stated that boys are flatlining or worse, while Heitin (2014) stated that girls are performing evenly with boys, especially in math and science.
   3. Mead (2006) says that low income Hispanic and Black boys are in trouble because of race and SES, while Robelen (2013) argues that sex differences are not completely related to SES factors.
   4. Level 4: Look at sources dated after 2010 that your group found for this week's discussion posts. On this level, show at least two likenesses (to the right) and two differences(to the left) you found as you studied these and ANY other works we have studied in the course. Cite your findings.
      1. We found an article by Hartwick that relates to the Robelen (2013) dealing with math anxiety.
         1. Boys are more likely to answer confidently in class.
         2. Girls are more likely to sit back and be submissive.
      2. We found an article by Donald (2014) that had some differences from the Greene (1976) article dealing with fixing the gender problem.
         1. Greene (1976) stated that in order to fix the problem, teachers need to be 100% aware of their students.
         2. Donald (2014) said that fixing the problem would encourage the superiority of girls over boys.
      3. The Hartwick article related to Heitin (2014) in how teachers favors certain genders over another.
         1. Teachers respond more quickly to boys.
         2. The "better" girls are usually very smart and hard working.
      4. Level 5: What conclusion(s) have you drawn about girls and boys' education as a result of synthesizing all you have read for this assignment?
         1. Jessica concluded that although there might be a problem with gender gaps in school, it does not need to be fixed. Currently, both girls and boys are succeeding more than they have in the past, so the problem is not as big of an issue as some may think. Girls and boys both need to be treated equally in the classroom so they can succeed at the highest level possible. I directly related to the article about girls having anxiety in math. From my experience, boys are much more confident in answering questions and participating in class than girls are. This is not a problem though, because the girls are still achieving at a higher level in their classes.

            Annotations:

            • http://www.hereiswhereifound.com.  A notation needs to be on each of your bubbles in this area - support what you believe!  For example, you could refer to something in "Savage Inequalities", in which case you would write: (Kozol, 1991)
         2. Brittany concludes that although the achievement gap is high between boys in girls in both science and math, they need to be treated equally in all classroom settings. I do not think though, that the gap needs to be directly addressed. You dont want to force girls or boys into being "interested" in a subject that makes them anxious or uncomfortable. Each child should have the opportunity to explore whatever topic they are naturally drawn to.
      5. The Donald (2014) article also had some differences to the How Schools Shortchange Girls (1992) dealing with women in the workforce.
         1. Donald (2014) said that gender should not be a factor when looking at school or job applications.
         2. How Schools Shortchange Girls (1992) states that there is much more job segregation for girls than for boys. Women have lower wages and less opportunities than men.