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Developmental Positions
- Prone
- Facilitates head control
- Helps develop muscles of shoulders, arms, back, hips
- Helps develop flexor tone in premature infants
- Improves oxygenation and ventilation in premature
- Reduces reflux, esp at 30 deg elevation
- Reduces hip flexion contractures
- Helps develop muscles of shoulders, arms, back, hips
- Increased risk of SIDS
- Can cause flattened, frog leg positioning
- Infants with weak/low tone may not have enough strength to clear airway
- Visual exploration more difficult
- Less face-to-face contact with caregivers
- Less face-to-face contact with caregivers
- Can cause flattened, frog leg positioning
- Facilitates head control
- Sidelying
- Right side lying can improve gastric emptying
- Encourages midline orientation of head and extremities
- Allows gravity eliminated positioning of UE so can increase use in weak/low tone patients
- Facilitates hand-to-mouth; hand-to-hand activity
- Can help decrease patient's extensor patterning because requires less effort to move
- Can help decrease patient's extensor patterning because requires less effort to move
- Facilitates hand-to-mouth; hand-to-hand activity
- Allows gravity eliminated positioning of UE so can increase use in weak/low tone patients
- Encourages midline orientation of head and extremities
- May be difficult to maintain with increased extensor patterning
- Left side lying can decrease gastric emptying time
- Left side lying can decrease gastric emptying time
- Right side lying can improve gastric emptying
- Sitting
- Facilitates balance
- Good alerting posture
- Good visual exploration
- Encourages social interaction
- Good alerting posture
- May be too difficult for patients with abnormal tone and/or weakness; too much difficulty working against gravity
- Can cause increased neck flexion and difficulty breathing in patients with poor head control
- Can cause increased neck flexion and difficulty breathing in patients with poor head control
- Facilitates balance
- Standing
- Frees UE for prehension and manipulation
- Facilitates higher level neurological integration
- Facilitates higher level neurological integration
- Need good trunk stability or much outside support to facilitate position
- Frees UE for prehension and manipulation
- Supine
- Advantages
- Recommended position to reduce SIDS
- Easy visual exploration
- Helps facilitate abdominal muscles in older infants
- Recommended position to reduce SIDS
- Disadvantages
- Encourages extensor posturing
- Too much support, not enough challenge
- Low tone, weak patients, encourages external rotation positional deformities of arms/legs
- Greater risk of aspiration than in prone or side lying
- Encourages extensor posturing
- Advantages
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