456413
Description
Mind Map by georgietheredhea, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by georgietheredhea
almost 11 years ago
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Animal Physiology
- breathing and gas exchange
- Smoking
- lung cancer
- cilia destroyed
- build up of mucus
- lung cancer
- Breathing IN
- 1) intercostal muscles contract
- 2) ribs move upwards and outwards
- 3) pressure drops
- 4) air is forced in
- 1) intercostal muscles contract
- Breathing OUT
- 1) intercostal muscles relax
- 2) ribs move down and in
- 3) pressure rises
- 4) air forced out
- 1) intercostal muscles relax
- AIR goes down the TRACHEA then the
BRONCI then the BRONCIOLES then the
ALVEOLI
- Alveoli adaptions for gas exchange
- large surface area
- high concentration of oxygen so high
concentration gradient
- very thin so capillaries have
a shorter diffusing distance
- large surface area
- Smoking
- Homeostasis and Excretion
- homeostasis is
the maintenance
of a constant
internal
environment
- water content
- 1) higher level of salt in blood is detected
by the hypothalamus
- 2) pituitary gland secrets ADH
- 3) the nephron is made more
permeable, so more water is
absorbed and less secreted
- 1) higher level of salt in blood is detected
by the hypothalamus
- temperature
- 1) hypothalamus detects rise in body
temperature
- 2) Sweat glands produce greater
amounts of sweat
- 3) hairs lie flat against skin
- 4) blood flows closer to skins surface
- 1) hypothalamus detects rise in body
temperature
- water content
- ADH
- negative feedback loop
- excreted by pituitary gland
- negative feedback loop
- Nephron
- the nephron carries blood through the kidney filtering out different sized
molecules using ULTRAFILTRATION
- the nephron carries blood through the kidney filtering out different sized
molecules using ULTRAFILTRATION
- homeostasis is
the maintenance
of a constant
internal
environment
- Blood and circulation
- red blood cells
- dome structure
- larger surface area
- no nucleus
- short diffusion distance
- dome structure
- Platelets
- clot the blood
- cell fragments exposed to the air creates
FIBRIN which forms a network across a wound.
- cell fragments exposed to the air creates
FIBRIN which forms a network across a wound.
- clot the blood
- plasma
- carries nutrients, hormones and
carbon dioxide around the body
- carries nutrients, hormones and
carbon dioxide around the body
- white blood cells
- lymphocytes
- produce antibodies i.e.
memory cells
- produce antibodies i.e.
memory cells
- phagocytes
- engulf bacteria
- engulf bacteria
- lymphocytes
- blood vessels
- arteries
- carries blood from heart
to the organs
- biggest
- carries blood from heart
to the organs
- Veins
- carries blood from organs to heart
- second biggest
- carries blood from organs to heart
- capilleries
- carries blood through organs to go
through gas exchange between the
blood and cells
- smallest
- carries blood through organs to go
through gas exchange between the
blood and cells
- arteries
- red blood cells
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