CHRONIC INFLAMMATION 1

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Bio Med and Pathology Mind Map on CHRONIC INFLAMMATION 1, created by aahughes on 18/04/2013.
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Mind Map by aahughes, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by aahughes over 11 years ago
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Resource summary

CHRONIC INFLAMMATION 1
  1. An inflammatory response of prolonged duration - weeks,months or indefinite
    1. Usually PRIMARY but occasionally follows ACUTE
      1. Provoked by persistence of causative agent
        1. Characterised with inflammation at the same time attempts healing
          1. Involved lymphocytes and Macrophages
            1. FIBROBLASTS are activated laying down new COLLAGEN
    2. AETIOLOGICAL AGENTS
      1. RESISTANT INFECTIUOUS AGENTS: organisms that resist host defence
        1. Tend to avoid phagocytosis and do not produce toxins
          1. ie mycobacterium tuberculosis
        2. MICRO-ORGANISMS THAT PERSIST IN DAMAGED REGIONS
          1. Persist in damaged area where they are protected by pus /abscess cavity
          2. IRRITANT NON-LIVING FOREIGN OBJECTS
            1. Cannot be removed by enzymatic breakdown ie wood splinter
            2. SOME CASES MAY OCCUR IN NORMAL TISSUE
              1. Disease caused by abnormality in the body's response t its own tissues (auto-immunity)
              2. UNKNOWN:underlying cause unknown ie Crohns disease
                1. Intestinal bleeding, ulceration,nausea, fever, abdominal pain
              3. HOW DOES CHRONIC COME ABOUT?
                1. DE NOVO: causative agent produces no/or mild acute response
                  1. Progression from acute if original stimuli persists
                    1. Chronic occurs after repeated episodes of acute
                2. DE NOVO: in most cases there is no phase of acute
                  1. has all histological features of chronic ie no neutrophils
                    1. Transplant rejection involves chronic cell infiltration
                  2. PROGRESSION FROM ACUTE INFLAMMATION:
                    1. Most cases do not progress to acute
                      1. Cases that do are SUPPURATION: abscess or foreign object
                        1. Have the tendency to provoke granulomatous inflammation
                    2. RECURRENT ACUTE EPISODES:
                      1. Usually turn into Chronic
                        1. eg chronic cholecystitis - Gallstones
                          1. starts to replace gall bladder muscle wall into fibrous tissue
                      2. MICROSCOPIC FEATURES:
                        1. Mostly MACROPHAGES, LYMPHOCYTES and PLASMA CELLS
                          1. few EOSINOPHILS and NEUTROPHILS
                            1. Tissue destruction (necrosis)
                              1. EXUDATION OF FLUID is not prominent
                                1. Production of fibrous tissue from granulation tissue
                        2. ACCUMULATION OF MACROPHAGES AND LYMPH OCCUR IN 3 WAYS
                          1. RECRUITMENT FROM CIRCULATION
                            1. LOCAL PROLIFERATION
                              1. PROLONGED SURVIVAL AND IMMOBILISATION OF INFLAMMED AREA
                          2. CELLULAR CO-OPERATION
                            1. B- on contact with antigen form plasma cells (antibodies)
                              1. Enter text here
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