485040
Descrição
Mapa Mental por Jade Jannotti, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Jade Jannotti
quase 11 anos atrás
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Group dynamics
- Typologies (Schein 1980)
- Primary
- close, personal relationship
- close, personal relationship
- Secondary
- occur within organisation
- occur within organisation
- Informal
- social groups
- social groups
- Formal
- formed by organisation to serve function
- formed by organisation to serve function
- hierarchical - leader
- breakthrough - work together
- synchronised
- open - opportunity to communicate
- Task interaction = work together towards outcome
- Relationship = interpersonal interaction
- Primary
- Theories
- Social Exchange Theory (Homans 1961)
- people conform is want to remain in group
- people engage with activity and get rewarded
- people conform is want to remain in group
- Cognitive Dissonance Theory (Festinger 1957)
- psychological forces impact our behaviour
- conform to reduce dissonance
- conform to reduce dissonance
- psychological forces impact our behaviour
- Social Identity Theory (Tajifel & Turner 1979)
- people categorise themselves according to group they belong to
- group influences our behaviour
- group influences our behaviour
- highlights minorities
- people categorise themselves according to group they belong to
- Social Exchange Theory (Homans 1961)
- Group Formation
- Tuckman & Jensen (1977)
- FORMING - people come together, tension, recognise goals
- STORMING - friendships formed, greater cohesion
- NORMING - clear goals, group bonded
- PERFORMING - committed to task, conflicts handled constructively
- ADJOURNING - group breaks up, task complete
- linear model - not always followed
- FORMING - people come together, tension, recognise goals
- Tubbs (1995)
- ORIENTATION - group gets together, opportunities & limitations discussed
- CONFLICT - necessary for group's development,
evaluate ideas and avoid groupthink, conformity
- CONSENSUS - group members agree to alternatives
- CLOSURE - agree on final decision
- ORIENTATION - group gets together, opportunities & limitations discussed
- Tuckman & Jensen (1977)
- Norms
- "acceptable standards of behaviour shared by group members" (Robbins 2005)
- PREDICTABILITY - obey rules
- TRUSTWORTHINESS
- CONFORMITY - encourage obedience
- reflect organisational structure
- "acceptable standards of behaviour shared by group members" (Robbins 2005)
- Roles
- set of behaviours: act in certain way in certain context (Hare 1994)
- Task Focus - towards goal
- Emotional - support
- group socialisation
- members learn values & expected behaviour
- need to conform
- need to conform
- members learn values & expected behaviour
- Factors causing tension (Bales 1950)
- Conflict reduced by
feedback, job descriptions,
role of leder in role selection
- greater access to resources
- more control by other person
- higher expertise
- social role
- Conflict reduced by
feedback, job descriptions,
role of leder in role selection
- set of behaviours: act in certain way in certain context (Hare 1994)
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