Encoding: Process
by which
information gets
into storage
Somantic: Use of sensory input
that has a specific meaning.
Example: You remember what a
banana is because of its color
Visual:
Images
Acoustic: Sound
Elaborative: How already
known information relates
to new infotmation
Storage
Long term memory:
Permanent storage
Declaritive memory:
Factual information.
Example: WW1 started in
1914
Semantic memory:
General memory.
Example: math facts
Episodic memory: Personal
knowledge. Exapmle: your
birthday
Autobiographical memory: A persons
recollection of his or her life
experiences
Information travels to the
Hippocampus before the
memory is consolidated
(perminantly stored)
Procedural memory: Skills
and habits. Example:
riding a bike
Rely on Cerebellum and Basil ganglia
Short term memory:
Holding place of
memories for up to 20
seconds
Rehearsal: The
repitition of information
that has entered
short-term memory
Mnemonics: Formal techniques for organizing
information in a way that makes it more likely
to be remembered.
Elaborative: Occurs when
information is organized so
that it is more likely to enter
long term memory
Memory distortions: Memory reports
that are different from what actually
happened
Eyewitness testimony: May
contain false information due to
loss of memory
Repressed memory:
Defence mechanism
where a person is
tramatized to a point
where he/she forgets the
memory all together
Working memory: A
combination of components
including short term memory
and attention, that allow the
person to hold information
temporarily as they perform a
cognitive task
Sensory memory: The
retention of memory
Haptic memory:
Tactical memory store
Echoic memory:
Auditory memory
store
Iconic memory: Visual
memory store
Theroies of memory
Decay Theory: Over
time we can't retrieve
memories because the
traces of them fade
away and disapear
Interference Theory: When we
form a new memory that is similar
to one that already exists,
interfearance with our ability to
recall